Java有两种异常:
一种是未检查异常(Unchecked Exepction或RuntimeExepction),
一种是已检查异常(checked execption)。
已检查异常:我们经常遇到的IO异常及sql异常就属于已检查异常。对于这种异常,java编译器要求我们必须对出现的这些异常进行catch,所以 面对这种异常不管我们是否愿意,只能自己去写一堆catch来捕捉这些异常。
未检查异常:我们可以不处理。当出现这样的异常时,总是由虚拟机接管。比如:我们从来没有人去处理过NullPointerException异常,它就是运行时异常,并且这种异常还是最常见的异常之一。
RuntimeExecption在java.lang包下,
AnnotationTypeMismatchException,
ArithmeticException,
ArrayStoreException,
BufferOverflowException,
BufferUnderflowException,
CannotRedoException,
CannotUndoException,
ClassCastException,
CMMException,
ConcurrentModificationException,
DOMException,
EmptyStackException,
EnumConstantNotPresentException,
EventException,
IllegalArgumentException,
IllegalMonitorStateException,
IllegalPathStateException,
IllegalStateException,
ImagingOpException,
IncompleteAnnotationException,
IndexOutOfBoundsException,
JMRuntimeException,
LSException,
MalformedParameterizedTypeException,
MirroredTypeException,
MirroredTypesException,
MissingResourceException,
NegativeArraySizeException,
NoSuchElementException,
NoSuchMechanismException,
NullPointerException,
ProfileDataException,
ProviderException,
RasterFormatException,
RejectedExecutionException,
SecurityException,
SystemException,
TypeConstraintException,
TypeNotPresentException,
UndeclaredThrowableException,
UnknownAnnotationValueException,
UnknownElementException,
UnknownTypeException,
UnmodifiableSetException,
UnsupportedOperationException,
WebServiceException
常见的未检查异常
ClassCastException(类转换异常)
IndexOutOfBoundsException(数组越界)
NullPointerException(空指针)
ArrayStoreException(数据存储异常,操作数组时类型不一致)
还有IO操作的BufferOverflowException异常
常见的已检查异常
SQLException
UnsupportedEncodingException
IOException