Oracle索引监控(monitor index)
合理的为数据库表上创建战略性索引,可以极大程度的提高查询性能。但事实上日常中我们所创建的索引并非战略性索引,恰恰是大量冗余或是根本没有用到的索引,这些索引耗用了大量的存储空间,导致DML性能低下。Oracle 提供了索引监控特性来粗略判断未使用到的索引。本文描述如何使用Oracle 索引的监控。
1、冗余索引的弊端
2、单个索引监控
3、schema级别索引监控(不含SYS用户)
a、直接执行脚本来开启索引监控
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/sql> more idx_monitor_on.sql
SET HEADING OFF
SET PAGESIZE 0;
SPOOL /tmp/mnt_idx.sql
SELECT 'ALTER INDEX ' || owner || '.' || index_name || ' MONITORING USAGE;'
SPOOL OFF;
@/tmp/mnt_idx.sql;
SET HEADING ON FEEDBACK ON TERMOUT ON;
SET PAGESIZE 80;
SELECT index_name,
ho rm -rf /tmp/mnt_idx.sql
b、禁用索引监控
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/sql> more idx_monitor_off.sql
SET HEADING OFF
SET PAGESIZE 0;
SPOOL /tmp/un_mnt_idx.sql
SELECT 'ALTER INDEX ' || owner || '.' || index_name || ' NOMONITORING USAGE;'
SPOOL OFF;
@/tmp/un_mnt_idx.sql;
SET HEADING ON FEEDBACK ON
SET PAGESIZE 80;
SELECT index_name,
ho rm -rf /tmp/un_mnt_idx.sql
c、查看索引监控结果
set linesize 190
SELECT u.name owner,
4、演示索引监控
a、单个索引监控
-->演示环境
scott@CNMMBO> select * from v$version where rownum<2;
BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
-->创建测试表
scott@CNMMBO> create table tb_emp as select * from emp;
-->为测试表创建索引
scott@CNMMBO> create index i_tb_emp_empno on tb_emp(empno);
-->收集统计信息
scott@CNMMBO> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('SCOTT','TB_EMP',cascade=>true);
-->查看索引信息
scott@CNMMBO> @idx_info
Enter value for owner: scott
Enter value for table_name: tb_emp
Table Name
------------------------- ------------------------------ -------------------- ------ -------- --------------- ----
TB_EMP
-->查看索引使用情况
-->此时use列为NO,表明索引未被使用到
scott@CNMMBO> @idx_usage_tb
Enter value for 1: tb_emp
Enter value for 2: all
Enter value for 2: all
Table Name
------------------------- ------------------------------ --- ------------------- -------------------
TB_EMP
-->实施即席查询
scott@CNMMBO> select empno,ename,job from tb_emp where empno=7788;
---------- ---------- ---------
-->再次查看时USE列已经为YES
scott@CNMMBO> @idx_usage_tb
Enter value for 1: tb_emp
Enter value for 2: all
Enter value for 2: all
Table Name
------------------------- ------------------------------ --- ------------------- -------------------
TB_EMP
-->禁用索引监控
scott@CNMMBO> alter index I_TB_EMP_EMPNO nomonitoring usage;
Index altered.
b、schema级别的索引监控
-->切换到另外一个数据库cnbo1
scott@CNMMBO> conn goex_admin/xxxxx@cnbo1
Connected.
-->下面的查询表明没有表开启索引监控
goex_admin@CNBO1> @idx_usage;
no rows selected
-->开启索引监控
goex_admin@CNBO1> @idx_monitor_on
INDEX_NAME
------------------------------ --- --- ------------------- -------------------
PK_AAH
IDX_GOAAE1
PK_GOAAT
PK_GOAACTL
.......
-->关闭索引监控
goex_admin@CNBO1> @idx_monitor_off
INDEX_NAME
------------------------------ --- --- ------------------- -------------------
PK_GOARL
IDX_GOAQU1
IDX_GOAQU2
-->连接到原来的db,查看曾经开启索引监控的使用情况
goex_admin@CNBO1> conn scott/tiger@cnmmbo
Connected.
goex_admin@CNMMBO> @idx_usage
Enter value for input_owner: GOEX_ADMIN
Enter value for input_owner: GOEX_ADMIN
OWNER
--------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------- --- --- ------------------- ----------------
SCOTT
GOEX_ADMIN
GOEX_ADMIN
GOEX_ADMIN
GOEX_ADMIN
GOEX_ADMIN
5、索引监控的建议与弊端
转自:http://www.2cto.com/database/201303/196854.html