之前碰到论坛里有几个好友,说程序不时的崩溃,什么xxoo不能read的! 如果光要是这个内存地址,估计你会疯掉~~所以分享一下基本的调试技巧,需要准备的工具有WinDbg + VC6.0,下面是自己整理的一份自动生成DUMP文件的源代码,只需要添加到工程即可,源代码如下:MiniDump.h
MiniDump.cpp<具体请参考附件SRC中,太大就不贴了>1、在CXXDlg::OnInitDialog()中添加这样一段:
- BOOL CTestDlg::OnInitDialog()
- {
- CDialog::OnInitDialog();
- // ......
- SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(CrashReportEx);
- HMODULE hKernel32;
- // Try to get MiniDumpWriteDump() address.
- hDbgHelp = LoadLibrary("DBGHELP.DLL");
- MiniDumpWriteDump_ = (MINIDUMP_WRITE_DUMP)GetProcAddress(hDbgHelp, "MiniDumpWriteDump");
- // d("hDbgHelp=%X, MiniDumpWriteDump_=%X", hDbgHelp, MiniDumpWriteDump_);
- // Try to get Tool Help library functions.
- hKernel32 = GetModuleHandle("KERNEL32");
- CreateToolhelp32Snapshot_ = (CREATE_TOOL_HELP32_SNAPSHOT)GetProcAddress(hKernel32, "CreateToolhelp32Snapshot");
- Module32First_ = (MODULE32_FIRST)GetProcAddress(hKernel32, "Module32First");
- Module32Next_ = (MODULE32_NEST)GetProcAddress(hKernel32, "Module32Next");
- }
下面是工程中的测试代码:
- class CTestDlg : public CDialog
- {
- // Construction
- public:
- CTestDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL); // standard constructor
- void Fun1(char *pszBuffer);
- void Fun2(char *pszBuffer);
- void Fun3(char *pszBuffer);
- };
- void CTestDlg::Fun1(char *pszBuffer)
- {
- Fun2(pszBuffer);
- }
- void CTestDlg::Fun2(char *pszBuffer)
- {
- Fun3(pszBuffer);
- }
- void CTestDlg::Fun3(char *pszBuffer)
- {
- pszBuffer[1] = 0x00;
- }
我们在双击确定按钮时的响应代码如下:
- void CTestDlg::OnOK()
- {
- // TODO: Add extra validation here
- Fun1(NULL);
- }
2、设置VC编译选项,勾选生成MAP和Debug Info、Progma Datebase:3、将编译生成的Release目录中的pdb、map文件保存起来,以后调试会用到:4、运行程序,单击确定按钮出现异常后自动重启,并创建一个Log文件夹,里面生成dump文件:5、我们打开WinDbg,设置一下相关路径
A、设置pdb路径(File \ Symbol File Path) B、设置源代码路径( File \ Source File Path ) C、设置Exe路径( File \ Image File Path ) 6、用WiinDbg打开dump文件(File \ Open Crash Dump)7、输入命令!analyze -v,等待几秒后会打印出错误信息,函数调用栈如下图:
- Microsoft (R) Windows Debugger Version 6.11.0001.404 X86
- Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
- Loading Dump File [C:\Test\Release\Log\2012-05-29 160059.dmp]
- User Mini Dump File: Only registers, stack and portions of memory are available
- Symbol search path is: C:\Test\Release
- Executable search path is: C:\Test\Release
- Windows XP Version 2600 (Service Pack 3) MP (4 procs) Free x86 compatible
- Product: WinNt, suite: SingleUserTS
- Machine Name:
- Debug session time: Tue May 29 16:00:59.000 2012 (GMT+8)
- System Uptime: not available
- Process Uptime: 0 days 0:00:01.000
- ...................................
- This dump file has an exception of interest stored in it.
- The stored exception information can be accessed via .ecxr.
- (1710.1450): Access violation - code c0000005 (first/second chance not available)
- eax=00a80000 ebx=00157ea8 ecx=00000007 edx=7c92e514 esi=00157e80 edi=00157ed8
- eip=7c92e514 esp=0012e830 ebp=0012e840 iopl=0 nv up ei pl zr na pe nc
- cs=001b ss=0023 ds=0023 es=0023 fs=003b gs=0000 efl=00000246
- *** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for ntdll.dll -
- ntdll!KiFastSystemCallRet:
- 7c92e514 c3 ret
- 0:000> !analyze -v
- *******************************************************************************
- * *
- * Exception Analysis *
- * *
- *******************************************************************************
- *** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for mfc42.dll -
- *** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for user32.dll -
- ***** OS symbols are WRONG. Please fix symbols to do analysis.
- *** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for kernel32.dll -
- *************************************************************************
- *** ***
- *** ***
- *** Your debugger is not using the correct symbols ***
- *** ***
- *** In order for this command to work properly, your symbol path ***
- *** must point to .pdb files that have full type information. ***
- *** ***
- *** Certain .pdb files (such as the public OS symbols) do not ***
- *** contain the required information. Contact the group that ***
- *** provided you with these symbols if you need this command to ***
- *** work. ***
- *** ***
- *** Type referenced: IMAGE_NT_HEADERS32 ***
- *** ***
- *************************************************************************
- *** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for ole32.dll -
- *** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for advapi32.dll -
- *************************************************************************
- *** ***
- *** ***
- *** Your debugger is not using the correct symbols ***
- *** ***
- *** In order for this command to work properly, your symbol path ***
- *** must point to .pdb files that have full type information. ***
- *** ***
- *** Certain .pdb files (such as the public OS symbols) do not ***
- *** contain the required information. Contact the group that ***
- *** provided you with these symbols if you need this command to ***
- *** work. ***
- *** ***
- *** Type referenced: kernel32!pNlsUserInfo ***
- *** ***
- *************************************************************************
- *************************************************************************
- *** ***
- *** ***
- *** Your debugger is not using the correct symbols ***
- *** ***
- *** In order for this command to work properly, your symbol path ***
- *** must point to .pdb files that have full type information. ***
- *** ***
- *** Certain .pdb files (such as the public OS symbols) do not ***
- *** contain the required information. Contact the group that ***
- *** provided you with these symbols if you need this command to ***
- *** work. ***
- *** ***
- *** Type referenced: kernel32!pNlsUserInfo ***
- *** ***
- *************************************************************************
- FAULTING_IP:
- Test!CTestDlg::Fun3+6 [C:\Test\TestDlg.cpp @ 141]
- 00401ca6 c6400100 mov byte ptr [eax+1],0
- EXCEPTION_RECORD: ffffffff -- (.exr 0xffffffffffffffff)
- ExceptionAddress: 00401ca6 (Test!CTestDlg::Fun3+0x00000006)
- ExceptionCode: c0000005 (Access violation)
- ExceptionFlags: 00000000
- NumberParameters: 2
- Parameter[0]: 00000001
- Parameter[1]: 00000001
- Attempt to write to address 00000001
- PROCESS_NAME: Test.exe
- ADDITIONAL_DEBUG_TEXT:
- Use '!findthebuild' command to search for the target build information.
- If the build information is available, run '!findthebuild -s ; .reload' to set symbol path and load symbols.
- MODULE_NAME: Test
- FAULTING_MODULE: 7c920000 ntdll
- DEBUG_FLR_IMAGE_TIMESTAMP: 4fc48236
- ERROR_CODE: (NTSTATUS) 0xc0000005 - "0x%08lx"
- EXCEPTION_CODE: (NTSTATUS) 0xc0000005 - "0x%08lx"
- EXCEPTION_PARAMETER1: 00000001
- EXCEPTION_PARAMETER2: 00000001
- WRITE_ADDRESS: 00000001
- FOLLOWUP_IP:
- Test!CTestDlg::Fun3+6 [C:\Test\TestDlg.cpp @ 141]
- 00401ca6 c6400100 mov byte ptr [eax+1],0
- FAULTING_THREAD: 00001450
- BUGCHECK_STR: APPLICATION_FAULT_NULL_CLASS_PTR_DEREFERENCE_INVALID_POINTER_WRITE_WRONG_SYMBOLS
- PRIMARY_PROBLEM_CLASS: NULL_CLASS_PTR_DEREFERENCE
- DEFAULT_BUCKET_ID: NULL_CLASS_PTR_DEREFERENCE
- LAST_CONTROL_TRANSFER: from 00401c9c to 00401ca6
- STACK_TEXT:
- 0012f89c 00401c9c 00000000 0012f8b4 00401c8c Test!CTestDlg::Fun3+0x6 [C:\Test\TestDlg.cpp @ 141]
- 0012f8a8 00401c8c 00000000 0012f8cc 00401f27 Test!CTestDlg::Fun2+0xc [C:\Test\TestDlg.cpp @ 137]
- 0012f8b4 00401f27 00000000 73d323eb 73dcf07c Test!CTestDlg::Fun1+0xc [C:\Test\TestDlg.cpp @ 132]
- 0012f8bc 73d323eb 73dcf07c 00000111 0012f8fc Test!CTestDlg::OnOK+0x7 [C:\Test\TestDlg.cpp @ 242]
- WARNING: Stack unwind information not available. Following frames may be wrong.
- 0012f8cc 73d322fd 0012fe94 00000001 00000000 mfc42!Ordinal567+0xa2
- 0012f8fc 73d976e5 00000001 00000000 00000000 mfc42!Ordinal4424+0x108
- 0012f920 73d33094 00000001 00000000 00000000 mfc42!Ordinal4431+0x1b
- 0012f970 73d31b58 00000000 0014120e 0012fe94 mfc42!Ordinal4441+0x51
- 0012f9f0 73d31b07 00000111 00000001 0014120e mfc42!Ordinal5163+0x2f
- 0012fa10 73d31a78 00000111 00000001 0014120e mfc42!Ordinal6374+0x22
- 0012fa70 73d319d0 0012fe94 00000000 00000111 mfc42!Ordinal1109+0x91
- 0012fa90 73dbe47c 0018124c 00000111 00000001 mfc42!Ordinal1578+0x34
- 0012fabc 77d18734 0018124c 00000111 00000001 mfc42!Ordinal1579+0x39
- 0012fae8 77d18816 73dbe443 0018124c 00000111 user32!GetDC+0x6d
- 0012fb50 77d2927b 00000000 73dbe443 0018124c user32!GetDC+0x14f
- 0012fb8c 77d292e3 006d5120 007101c8 00000001 user32!GetParent+0x16c
- 0012fbac 77d4ff7d 0018124c 00000111 00000001 user32!SendMessageW+0x49
- 0012fbc4 77d465d2 007156c0 00000000 007156c0 user32!CreateMDIWindowA+0x1bd
- 0012fbe0 77d25e94 001530ec 00000001 00000000 user32!DeregisterShellHookWindow+0x6312
- 0012fc64 77d3b082 007156c0 00000202 00000000 user32!IsDlgButtonChecked+0x109a
- 0012fc84 77d18734 0014120e 00000202 00000000 user32!SoftModalMessageBox+0xda3
- 0012fcb0 77d18816 77d3b036 0014120e 00000202 user32!GetDC+0x6d
- 0012fd18 77d189cd 00000000 77d3b036 0014120e user32!GetDC+0x14f
- 0012fd78 77d18a10 00404314 00000000 0012fdac user32!GetWindowLongW+0x127
- 0012fd88 77d274ff 00404314 00404314 0040431c user32!DispatchMessageW+0xf
- 0012fdac 77d3c6d3 0018124c 007156c0 00404314 user32!IsDialogMessageW+0xdb
- 0012fdcc 73d45202 0018124c 00404314 0012fe94 user32!IsDialogMessage+0x4a
- 0012fddc 73d39be0 00404314 73d451ce 00404314 mfc42!Ordinal4047+0x2f
- 0012ff00 73d3c1cf 006f0072 00142373 00000000 mfc42!Ordinal5278+0x29
- 004034c0 00401c20 004019f0 00401a00 00401a10 mfc42!Ordinal1576+0x47
- 004034c4 004019ef 00401a00 00401a10 00402130 Test!CTestDlg::`scalar deleting destructor'
- 004034c8 004019ff 00401a10 00402130 0040212a Test!CTestDlg::~CTestDlg+0xf
- 004034cc 00401a0f 00402130 0040212a 0040203a Test!CObject::Serialize+0xf
- 004034d0 00402130 0040212a 0040203a 00402034 Test!CObject::AssertValid+0xf
- 004034d4 0040212a 0040203a 00402034 0040202e Test!CDialog::OnCmdMsg
- 004034d8 0040203a 00402034 0040202e 00402028 Test!CWnd::OnFinalRelease
- 004034dc 00402034 0040202e 00402028 00402022 Test!CCmdTarget::IsInvokeAllowed
- 004034e0 0040202e 00402028 00402022 00401c70 Test!CCmdTarget::GetDispatchIID
- 004034e4 00402028 00402022 00401c70 0040201c Test!CCmdTarget::GetTypeInfoCount
- 004034e8 00402022 00401c70 0040201c 00402016 Test!CCmdTarget::GetTypeLibCache
- 004034ec 00401c6f 0040201c 00402016 00402010 Test!CCmdTarget::GetTypeLib
- 004034f0 0040201c 00402016 00402010 0040200a Test!CTestDlg::_GetBaseMessageMap+0xf
- 004034f4 00402016 00402010 0040200a 00402004 Test!CCmdTarget::GetCommandMap
- 004034f8 00402010 0040200a 00402004 00401ffe Test!CCmdTarget::GetDispatchMap
- 004034fc 0040200a 00402004 00401ffe 00401ff8 Test!CCmdTarget::GetConnectionMap
- 00403500 00402004 00401ffe 00401ff8 00401ff2 Test!CCmdTarget::GetInterfaceMap
- 00403504 00401ffe 00401ff8 00401ff2 00401fec Test!CCmdTarget::GetEventSinkMap
- 00403508 00401ff8 00401ff2 00401fec 00402124 Test!CCmdTarget::OnCreateAggregates
- 00403608 004022fc 00402310 00000000 19930520 Test!CCmdTarget::GetInterfaceHook
- 0040360c 00402310 00000000 19930520 00000008 Test!WinMainCRTStartup+0x13e
- 00403610 00000000 19930520 00000008 00403638 Test!WinMainCRTStartup+0x152
- STACK_COMMAND: ~0s; .ecxr ; kb
- FAULTING_SOURCE_CODE:
- 137: }
- 138:
- 139: void CTestDlg::Fun3(char *pszBuffer)
- 140: {
- > 141: pszBuffer[1] = 0x00;
- 142: }
- 143:
- 144: BOOL CTestDlg::OnInitDialog()
- 145: {
- 146: CDialog::OnInitDialog();
- SYMBOL_STACK_INDEX: 0
- SYMBOL_NAME: Test!CTestDlg::Fun3+6
- FOLLOWUP_NAME: MachineOwner
- IMAGE_NAME: Test.exe
- BUCKET_ID: WRONG_SYMBOLS
- FAILURE_BUCKET_ID: NULL_CLASS_PTR_DEREFERENCE_c0000005_Test.exe!CTestDlg::Fun3
- WATSON_STAGEONE_URL: http://watson.microsoft.com/StageOne/Test_exe/1_0_0_1/4fc48236/Test_exe/1_0_0_1/4fc48236/c0000005/00001ca6.htm?Retriage=1
- Followup: MachineOwner
- ---------
OK ,这样我们就能在发布版本的程序中,准确的定位到哪个函数出了问题,所以发布程序时,一定要记得生成pdb、map文件,不然客户运行出错的话,你不死也残!
测试工程下载地址: