本文参考
http://www.javaworld.com.tw/confluence/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=2630
除了使用标准的转换器之外,您还可以自行定制您的转换器,您可以实现javax.faces.convert.Converter接口,这个接口有两个要实现的方法:
- public Object getAsObject(FacesContext context,UIComponent component,String str);
- public String getAsString(FacesContext context,UIComponent component,Object obj);
简单的说,第一个方法会接收从客户端经由HTTP传来的字符串数据,您在第一个方法中将之转换为您的自定义对象,这个自定义对象将会自动设定给您指定的Bean对象;第二个方法就是将从您的Bean对象得到的对象转换为字符串,如此才能藉由HTTP传回给客户端。
直接以一个简单的例子来作说明,假设您有一个User类:
- package bruce.zhao.model;
- public class User {
- private String firstName;
- private String lastName;
- public String getFirstName() {
- return firstName;
- }
- public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
- this.firstName = firstName;
- }
- public String getLastName() {
- return lastName;
- }
- public void setLastName(String lastName) {
- this.lastName = lastName;
- }
- }
这个User类是我们转换器的目标对象,而您有一个GuestBean类:
- package bruce.zhao.model;
- public class GuestBean {
- private User user;
- public void setUser(User user) {
- this.user = user;
- }
- public User getUser() {
- return user;
- }
- }
这个Bean上的属性直接传回或接受User类型的参数,我们来实现一个简单的转换器,为HTTP字符串与User对象进行转换:
- package bruce.zhao.model;
- import javax.faces.component.UIComponent;
- import javax.faces.context.FacesContext;
- import javax.faces.convert.Converter;
- import javax.faces.convert.ConverterException;
- public class UserConverter implements Converter {
- public Object getAsObject(FacesContext context, UIComponent component,
- String str) throws ConverterException {
- String[] strs = str.split(",");
- User user = new User();
- try {
- user.setFirstName(strs[0]);
- user.setLastName(strs[1]);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- // 转换错误,简单的丢出例外
- throw new ConverterException();
- }
- return user;
- }
- public String getAsString(FacesContext context, UIComponent component,
- Object obj) throws ConverterException {
- String firstName = ((User) obj).getFirstName();
- String lastName = ((User) obj).getLastName();
- return firstName + "," + lastName;
- }
- }
实现完成这个转换器,我们要告诉JSF这件事,这是在faces-config.xml中完成注册:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <!DOCTYPE faces-config PUBLIC
- "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD JavaServer Faces Config 1.0//EN"
- "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-facesconfig_1_0.dtd">
- <faces-config>
- <navigation-rule>
- <from-view-id>/*</from-view-id>
- <navigation-case>
- <from-outcome>show</from-outcome>
- <to-view-id>/pages/index.jsp</to-view-id>
- </navigation-case>
- </navigation-rule>
- <converter>
- <converter-id>bruce.zhao.model.User</converter-id>
- <converter-class>
- bruce.zhao.model.UserConverter
- </converter-class>
- </converter>
- <managed-bean>
- <managed-bean-name>guest</managed-bean-name>
- <managed-bean-class>
- bruce.zhao.model.GuestBean
- </managed-bean-class>
- <managed-bean-scope>session</managed-bean-scope>
- </managed-bean>
- </faces-config>
注册转换器时,需提供转换器标识(Converter ID)与转换器类,接下来要在JSF页面中使用转换器的话,就是指定所要使用的转换器标识,例如:
- <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f"%>
- <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h"%>
- <%@page contentType="text/html;charset=GB2312"%>
- <f:view>
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>自定义转换器</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- Guest名称是:
- <b> <h:outputText value="#{guest.user}"
- converter="bruce.zhao.model.User" /> </b>
- <h:form>
- <h:inputText id="userField" value="#{guest.user}"
- converter="bruce.zhao.model.User" />
- <h:message for="userField" style="color:red" />
- <br>
- <h:commandButton value="送出" action="show" />
- </h:form>
- </body>
- </html>
- </f:view>
您也可以<f:converter>标签并使用converterId属性来指定转换器,例如:
- <h:inputText id="userField" value="#{guest.user}">
- <f:converter converterId="bruce.zhao.model.User"/>
- </h:inputText>
除了向JSF注册转换器之外,还有一个方式可以不用注册,就是直接在Bean上提供一个取得转换器的方法,例如:
- public class GuestBean {
- private User user;
- private Converter converter = new UserConverter();
- public void setUser(User user) {
- this.user = user;
- }
- public User getUser() {
- return user;
- }
- public Converter getConverter() {
- return converter;
- }
- }
之后可以直接结合 JSF Expression Language 来指定转换器:
- <h:inputText id="userField" value="#{guest.user}" converter="#{guest.converter}"/>