WEB程序验证码的开发

最新推荐文章于 2021-03-28 16:48:48 发布

子木丁一

最新推荐文章于 2021-03-28 16:48:48 发布

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分类专栏： WEB开发文章标签：验证码随机数登录

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lice9527/article/details/28857017

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最近给某气象局开发的系统中，客户要求加上验证码功能，验证码最主要的功能是防止恶意程序进行批量操作，其实内部应用系统自我感觉是没有必要有验证码的，但是为了显现我们是大公司，不是小作坊，还是加上吧，废话不多说，直接上代码；

一、创建生成随机数的工具类RandomUtil

package com.metarnet.util;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * 各种随机数工具类
 * 
 * @author
 */
public class RandomUtil {
	private char getRandomAlphabet() {
		String word = "abcdefghijklmopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
		Double n = Math.random() * word.length();
		return word.charAt(n.intValue());
	}

	private char getRandomLowerAlphabet() {
		String word = "abcdefghijklmopqrstuvwxyz";
		Double n = Math.random() * word.length();
		return word.charAt(n.intValue());
	}

	private char getRandomUpperAlphabet() {
		String word = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
		Double n = Math.random() * word.length();
		return word.charAt(n.intValue());
	}

	private String getRandomNumber() {
		Random random = new Random();
		return String.valueOf(random.nextInt(10));
	}

	private char getRandomAlphabetAndNumber() {
		String word = "abcdefghijklmopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789";
		Double n = Math.random() * word.length();
		return word.charAt(n.intValue());
	}

	public Color getRandomColor(int fc, int bc) {
		Random random = new Random();
		if (fc > 255)
			fc = 255;
		if (bc > 255)
			bc = 255;
		int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
		int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
		int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
		return new Color(r, g, b);
	}

	/**
	 * 生成随机字符
	 * 
	 * @param len
	 *            字符的长度
	 * @param point
	 *            指示器: 0表示生成小写字母, 1表示生成大写字母, 2表示生成大小写字母, 3表示生成数字, 4表示生成大小写字母和数字
	 * @return 生成的字符串
	 */
	public String getRandomWord(int len, int point) {
		if (len <= 0)
			return null;
		StringBuffer str = new StringBuffer();
		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
			if (point == 0)
				str.append(getRandomLowerAlphabet());
			else if (point == 1)
				str.append(getRandomUpperAlphabet());
			else if (point == 2)
				str.append(getRandomAlphabet());
			else if (point == 3)
				str.append(getRandomNumber());
			else if (point == 4)
				str.append(getRandomAlphabetAndNumber());
			else
				return null;
		}
		return str.toString();
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		RandomUtil util = new RandomUtil();
		System.out.println(util.getRandomWord(4, 4));
	}
}

二，创建生成验证码的JSP文件，checknum.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="image/jpg" errorPage="" %>
<%@ page import="java.awt.*, java.awt.image.*, java.util.*, javax.imageio.*" %>
<%@ page import="com.metarnet.util.RandomUtil" %>
<%!
RandomUtil util = new RandomUtil();
%>
<%
	//验证码
	response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
	response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "No-cache");
	response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
	int width=60, height=20;
	BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
	Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
	Random random = new Random();
	g.setColor(util.getRandomColor(201, 255));
	g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
	g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.BOLD, 18));
	g.setColor(util.getRandomColor(160, 200));
	for(int i=0; i<155; i++){
		int x = random.nextInt(width);
		int y = random.nextInt(height);
		int x1 = random.nextInt(12);
		int y1 = random.nextInt(12);
		g.drawLine(x, y, x+x1, y+y1);
	}
	int len = 4;
	String word = util.getRandomWord(len, 4);
	g.setColor(new Color(20+random.nextInt(110), 20+random.nextInt(110), 20+random.nextInt(110)));
	g.drawString(word, 8, 16);

	session.setAttribute("checknum", word);
	g.dispose();
	ImageIO.write(image, "JPG", response.getOutputStream());
	out.clear();
	out = pageContext.pushBody();
%>

三，创建登陆测试文件，login.jsp

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>验证码测试</title>
<script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8">
	//重新加载验证码
	function reChangeImgSrc(){
		$("#checknumimg").attr("src", "checknum.jsp"); 
		var imgSrc = $("#checknumimg");
		var src = imgSrc.attr("src");
		imgSrc.attr("src",chgUrl(src));
		$('#fmsg').html('');
		$('#checknum').val('');
	}
	
	//时间戳
	//为了使每次生成图片不一致，即不让浏览器读缓存，所以需要加上时间戳
	function chgUrl(url){
	 	var timestamp = (new Date()).valueOf();
		url = url.substring(0,17);
		if((url.indexOf("&")>=0)){
		  	url = url + "×tamp=" + timestamp;
		}else{
		  	url = url + "?timestamp=" + timestamp;
		}
		return url;
	}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<img src="checknum.jsp" id="checknumimg"  width="60" height="20" οnclick="reChangeImgSrc();"/>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" οnclick="reChangeImgSrc();">看不清楚，换一张</a>
</body>
</html>

四，效果图