行动不一定带来快乐,而无行动则决无快乐
本讲内容:接收和发送短信
示例一:接收短信
当手机接收到一条短信的时候,系统会发出一条值为android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED的广播,这条广播里携带与短信相关的所有数据。
第一行显示短信的发送方号码,第二行显示短信的内容。当有短信到来时,短信的发送方号码和内容就显示在上面。
注意:真机接收不到android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED广播
下面是res/layout/activity_main.xml 布局文件:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="60dp" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:padding="10dp"
android:text="From:"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/sender"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:textSize="20sp" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="60dp" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:padding="10dp"
android:text="Content:"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:textSize="20sp" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
下面是MainActivity.java主界面文件:
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private TextView sender;//显示短信的发送方
private TextView content;//显示短信的内容
private IntentFilter receiveFilter;
private MessageReceiver messageReceiver;
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
sender=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.sender);
content=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.content);
receiveFilter=new IntentFilter();
receiveFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");//添加一個action
messageReceiver=new MessageReceiver();// 创建一个广播接收器
registerReceiver(messageReceiver, receiveFilter);// 动态注册
}
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
unregisterReceiver(messageReceiver);// 取消注册
}
class MessageReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();//获取intent里面的bundle对象
//因为传送bundle给它的代码里用了bundle.putString(“pdus”,xxxx);所以它只能用“pdus“的名字来取
Object[] pdus=(Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");//获取Bundle里面的数据
SmsMessage[] messages=new SmsMessage[pdus.length];
for(int i=0;i<messages.length;i++){
messages[i]=SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i]);
}
String address=messages[0].getOriginatingAddress();//获取发送方号码
String fullMessage="";
for(SmsMessage message:messages){
fullMessage+=message.getMessageBody();//获取短信内容
}
sender.setText(address);
content.setText(fullMessage);
}
}
}
首先我们从Intent参数中取出一个Bundle对象,然后使用pdu密钥来提取一个SMS pdus数组,其中每一个pdu都表示一条短信消息。然后SmsMessage的crateFromPdu()方法将每一个pdu字节数组转换为
SmsMessage对象,调用这个对象的getOriginatingAddress()方法就可以获取到短信的发送方号码,调用getMessageBody()方法就可以获取到短信的内容,然后将每一个SmsMessage对象中的短信内容拼接起来,就组成了一条完整的短信。
给程序声明一个接收短信的权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"/>
示例二:拦截短信
下面是MainActivity.java主界面文件:
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
.....
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
sender=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.sender);
content=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.content);
receiveFilter=new IntentFilter();
receiveFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");//添加一個action
receiveFilter.setPriority(100);//提高MessageReceiver的優先級
messageReceiver=new MessageReceiver();// 创建一个广播接收器
registerReceiver(messageReceiver, receiveFilter);// 动态注册
}
.....
class MessageReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
abortBroadcast();//中止广播
}
}
}
下面是res/layout/activity_main.xml 布局文件:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="60dp" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:padding="10dp"
android:text="To:"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/to"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:textSize="20sp" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="60dp" >
<EditText
android:id="@+id/centent"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/send"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:text="Send" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
下面是MainActivity.java主界面文件:
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private EditText to;
private EditText content;
private Button send;
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
to = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.to);
content = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.centent);
send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
send.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
SmsManager smsManager = SmsManager.getDefault();
smsManager.sendTextMessage(to.getText().toString(), null,content.getText().toString(), null, null);
}
});
}
}
首先调用SmsManager的getDefault()方法获取一个
SmsManager对象,然后调用它的sendTextMessage()方法就可以发送短信了,该方法接收五个参数,第一个参数指定接收人的手机号码,第三个参数指定短信的内容,其它几个参数暂时用不到,传入null即可。
给程序声明一个发送短信的权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"/>
示例四:
点击Send按钮虽然将短信发送出去了,但是我们并不知道到底发送成功没,这时候就可以利用sendTextMessage()方法的第四个参数来对短信的发送状态进行监控。
下面是MainActivity.java主界面文件:
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private EditText to;
private EditText content;
private Button send;
private IntentFilter sendFilter;
private SendStatusReceiver sendStatusReceiver;
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
to = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.to);
content = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.centent);
send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
sendFilter=new IntentFilter();
sendFilter.addAction("SENT_SMS_ACTION");
sendStatusReceiver=new SendStatusReceiver();
registerReceiver(sendStatusReceiver, sendFilter);
send.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
SmsManager smsManager = SmsManager.getDefault();
Intent sentIntent=new Intent("SENT_SMS_ACTION");
PendingIntent pi=PendingIntent.getBroadcast(MainActivity.this, 0, sentIntent, 0);
smsManager.sendTextMessage(to.getText().toString(), null,content.getText().toString(), pi, null);
}
});
}
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
unregisterReceiver(sendStatusReceiver);
}
//定義廣播監聽
class SendStatusReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if(getResultCode()==RESULT_OK){
//短信發送成功
Toast.makeText(context, "Send succeeded", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}else{
Toast.makeText(context, "Send failed", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
}
}
Take your time and enjoy it 要原码的、路过的、学习过的请留个言,顶个呗~~