采用短连接方式,服务器端流程:socket-->bind->listen->accept->read
客户端流程:socket->connect->write
服务器端:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define portnumber 3333
#define MAX_CONNET_NUM 5
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
int sockfd;
int connect_fd;
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
int sock_size;
int nReadBytes;
char buffer[1024];
//服务端建立sockfd描述符
if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) //AF_INET:IPV4;SOCK_STREAM:TCP
{
fprintf(stderr, "Socket error:%s\n\a", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
//填充sockaddr结构
bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); // 初始化,置0
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; // Internet
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); // (将本机器上的long数据转化为网络上的long数据)和任何主机通信 //INADDR_ANY 表示可以接收任意IP地址的数据,即绑定到所有的IP
//server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr("192.168.1.1"); //用于绑定到一个固定IP,inet_addr用于把数字加格式的ip转化为整形ip
server_addr.sin_port = htons(portnumber); // (将本机器上的short数据转化为网络上的short数据)端口号
//捆绑sockfd描述符到ip地址
if(bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)(&server_addr), sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr, "bind error:%s\n\a", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
//设置允许连接的客户端数
if(listen(sockfd,MAX_CONNET_NUM) == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr, "listen error:%s\n\a", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
while(1)
{
//服务器阻塞,直到客户程序建立连接
sock_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
if( (connect_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)(&client_addr), &sock_size)) == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Accept error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
fprintf(stderr, "server get connection from %s\n", inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr));
if( (nReadBytes = read(connect_fd, buffer, 1024)) == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Read Error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
buffer[nReadBytes] = '\0';
printf("server received %s\n", buffer);
//此次通讯结束
close(connect_fd);
//循环下一个
}
//通讯结束
close(sockfd);
exit(0);
}
客户端:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define portnumber 3333
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
int sockfd;
char buffer[1024];
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
struct hostent *host;
//使用hostname查询host名字
if(argc!=2)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Usage:%s hostname \a\n",argv[0]);
return -1;
}
if((host = gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Gethostname error\n");
return -1;
}
//客户端程序开始建立socket描述符
if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Socket Error:%s\a\n",strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
//客户程序填充服务端信息
bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)); //初始化,置0
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; //IPV4
server_addr.sin_port = htons(portnumber); //端口号,将本机上的的short数据转换为网络字节序
server_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)host->h_addr); //ip地址
//客户端发起连接请求
if(connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)(&server_addr), sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Connect Error:%s\a\n",strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
//连接成功
printf("pls input char:\n");
//发送数据
fgets(buffer, 1024, stdin);
write(sockfd, buffer, strlen(buffer));
//通讯结束
close(sockfd);
return 1;
}
运行结果:
服务端:
阻塞在此处
客户端:
建立连接并输入hello
服务端:
接收到客户端发来的hello