18.架构基础-JAVA设计模式-责任链模式

1、模式的结构

责任链模式包含以下几部分

1）抽象类：抽象类定义了一个公共执行接口，以及后续执行对象

2）具体处理类：实现抽象类，并重写了公共执行接口，定义后续执行对象执行公共执行接口的条件及场景

3）客户端：创建处理链，并定义了处理类处理的顺序，不关心具体处理过程及业务逻辑

责任链的实现代码如下：

抽象类：

package com.example.demo.service;

import lombok.Data;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;


/**
 * 流程操作抽象类
 */
@Data
@Slf4j
public abstract class ProcessWorker {
    protected static final String TAG = ProcessWorker.class.getSimpleName();
    private ProcessWorker next;

    public final void handleRequest(ProcessRequest request) {

        if (getHandleLevel() == request.getRequestLevel()) {
            operateProcess(request);
        } else {
            if (next != null) {
                next.operateProcess(request);
            } else {
                //当所有处理者对象均不能处理该请求时输出
                log.info(TAG, "All of handler can not handle the request");
            }
        }
    }

    protected abstract int getHandleLevel();

    protected abstract void operateProcess(ProcessRequest request);

}

抽象请求类：

package com.example.demo.service;

import lombok.Data;

@Data
public abstract class ProcessRequest {

    private Object object;

    public abstract int getRequestLevel();
}

实现类：

package com.example.demo.service.impl;

import com.example.demo.service.ProcessRequest;
import com.example.demo.service.ProcessWorker;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
 * 管理者岗
 */
@Service
@Slf4j
public class ManagerWorker extends ProcessWorker {

    @Override
    protected int getHandleLevel() {
        return 1;
    }

    @Override
    public void operateProcess(ProcessRequest request) {
        log.info(TAG, "Handler1 handler request:"+request.getRequestLevel());
    }
}

package com.example.demo.service.impl;

import com.example.demo.service.ProcessRequest;
import com.example.demo.service.ProcessWorker;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * 操作者岗
 */
@Service
@Slf4j
public class OperatorWorker extends ProcessWorker {
    @Override
    protected int getHandleLevel() {
        return 2;
    }

    @Override
    public void operateProcess(ProcessRequest request) {
        log.info(TAG, "Handler2 handler request:"+request.getRequestLevel());
    }
}

参数类：

package com.example.demo.service;

public class Request1 extends ProcessRequest{
    @Override
    public int getRequestLevel() {
        return 1;
    }

    public Request1(Object object) {
        super(object);
    }

    @Override
    public Object getContent() {
        return super.getContent();
    }
}

package com.example.demo.service;

public class Request2 extends ProcessRequest{
    @Override
    public int getRequestLevel() {
        return 2;
    }

    public Request2(Object object) {
        super(object);
    }

    @Override
    public Object getContent() {
        return super.getContent();
    }
}

客户端调用：

package com.example.demo.service;

import com.example.demo.service.impl.ManagerWorker;
import com.example.demo.service.impl.OperatorWorker;

public class TestProcess {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ProcessWorker handler1 = new ManagerWorker();
        ProcessWorker handler2 = new OperatorWorker();

        handler1.setNext(handler2);

        //构造三个请求者对象
        ProcessRequest request1 = new Request1("Request1");
        ProcessRequest request2 = new Request2("Request2");

        //总是从链式的首端发起请求
        handler1.handleRequest(request1);
        handler1.handleRequest(request2);
    }
}

3、模式总结

责任链模式的核心在于：1、处理当前请求2、将请求转发至下一个节点