本文深入探讨了Windows平台上的打印程序实现细节，包括如何获取打印设备环境、实现基本打印功能、添加打印菜单项、使用对话框进行打印控制以及如何在应用程序中集成打印功能等。文章通过多个示例代码片段展示了打印过程中的关键步骤和技术要点。
打印机参数
RESOURCE.H
#define IDM_SCREEN 40001
#define IDM_BASIC 40002
#define IDM_OTHER 40003
#define IDM_CURVE 40004
#define IDM_LINE 40005
#define IDM_POLY 40006
#define IDM_TEXT 40007DevCaps2.rc
/
//
// Menu
//
DEVCAPS2 MENU DISCARDABLE
BEGIN
POPUP "&Device"
BEGIN
MENUITEM "&Screen", IDM_SCREEN, CHECKED
END
POPUP "&Capabilities"
BEGIN
MENUITEM "&Basic Information", IDM_BASIC
MENUITEM "&Other Information", IDM_OTHER
MENUITEM "&Curve Capabilities", IDM_CURVE
MENUITEM "&Line Capabilities", IDM_LINE
MENUITEM "&Polygonal Capabilities", IDM_POLY
MENUITEM "&Text Capabilities", IDM_TEXT
END
END
DEVCAPS2.C
/*------------------------------------------------------------------
DEVCAPS2.C -- Displays Device Capability Information (Version 2)
(c) Charles Petzold, 1998
------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include <windows.h>
#include "resource.h"
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;
void DoBasicInfo (HDC, HDC, int, int) ;
void DoOtherInfo (HDC, HDC, int, int) ;
void DoBitCodedCaps (HDC, HDC, int, int, int) ;
typedef struct
{
int iMask ;
TCHAR * szDesc ;
}
BITS ;
#define IDM_DEVMODE 1000
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("DevCaps2") ;
HWND hwnd ;
MSG msg ;
WNDCLASS wndclass ;
wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc ;
wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.hInstance = hInstance ;
wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ;
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ;
wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ;
wndclass.lpszMenuName = szAppName ;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ;
if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
{
MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("This program requires Windows NT!"),
szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
return 0 ;
}
hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName, NULL,
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL) ;
ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
UpdateWindow (hwnd) ;
while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
}
return msg.wParam ;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
static TCHAR szDevice[32], szWindowText[64] ;
static int cxChar, cyChar, nCurrentDevice = IDM_SCREEN,
nCurrentInfo = IDM_BASIC ;
static DWORD dwNeeded, dwReturned ;
static PRINTER_INFO_4 * pinfo4 ;
static PRINTER_INFO_5 * pinfo5 ;
DWORD i ;
HDC hdc, hdcInfo ;
HMENU hMenu ;
HANDLE hPrint ;
PAINTSTRUCT ps ;
TEXTMETRIC tm ;
switch (message)
{
case WM_CREATE :
hdc = GetDC (hwnd) ;
SelectObject (hdc, GetStockObject (SYSTEM_FIXED_FONT)) ;
GetTextMetrics (hdc, &tm) ;
cxChar = tm.tmAveCharWidth ;
cyChar = tm.tmHeight + tm.tmExternalLeading ;
ReleaseDC (hwnd, hdc) ;
// fall through
case WM_SETTINGCHANGE:
hMenu = GetSubMenu (GetMenu (hwnd), 0) ;
while (GetMenuItemCount (hMenu) > 1)
DeleteMenu (hMenu, 1, MF_BYPOSITION) ;
// Get a list of all local and remote printers
//
// First, find out how large an array we need; this
// call will fail, leaving the required size in dwNeeded
//
// Next, allocate space for the info array and fill it
//
// Put the printer names on the menu.
if (GetVersion () & 0x80000000) // Windows 98
{
EnumPrinters (PRINTER_ENUM_LOCAL, NULL, 5, NULL,
0, &dwNeeded, &dwReturned) ;
pinfo5 = malloc (dwNeeded) ;
EnumPrinters (PRINTER_ENUM_LOCAL, NULL, 5, (PBYTE) pinfo5,
dwNeeded, &dwNeeded, &dwReturned) ;
for (i = 0 ; i < dwReturned ; i++)
{
AppendMenu (hMenu, (i+1) % 16 ? 0 : MF_MENUBARBREAK, i + 1,
pinfo5[i].pPrinterName) ;
}
free (pinfo5) ;
}
else // Windows NT
{
EnumPrinters (PRINTER_ENUM_LOCAL, NULL, 4, NULL,
0, &dwNeeded, &dwReturned) ;
pinfo4 = malloc (dwNeeded) ;
EnumPrinters (PRINTER_ENUM_LOCAL, NULL, 4, (PBYTE) pinfo4,
dwNeeded, &dwNeeded, &dwReturned) ;
for (i = 0 ; i < dwReturned ; i++)
{
AppendMenu (hMenu, (i+1) % 16 ? 0 : MF_MENUBARBREAK, i + 1,
pinfo4[i].pPrinterName) ;
}
free (pinfo4) ;
}
AppendMenu (hMenu, MF_SEPARATOR, 0, NULL) ;
AppendMenu (hMenu, 0, IDM_DEVMODE, TEXT ("Properties")) ;
wParam = IDM_SCREEN ;
// fall through
case WM_COMMAND :
hMenu = GetMenu (hwnd) ;
if (LOWORD (wParam) == IDM_SCREEN || // IDM_SCREEN & Printers
LOWORD (wParam) < IDM_DEVMODE)
{
CheckMenuItem (hMenu, nCurrentDevice, MF_UNCHECKED) ;
nCurrentDevice = LOWORD (wParam) ;
CheckMenuItem (hMenu, nCurrentDevice, MF_CHECKED) ;
}
else if (LOWORD (wParam) == IDM_DEVMODE) // Properties selection
{
GetMenuString (hMenu, nCurrentDevice, szDevice,
sizeof (szDevice) / sizeof (TCHAR), MF_BYCOMMAND);
if (OpenPrinter (szDevice, &hPrint, NULL))
{
PrinterProperties (hwnd, hPrint) ;
ClosePrinter (hPrint) ;
}
}
else // info menu items
{
CheckMenuItem (hMenu, nCurrentInfo, MF_UNCHECKED) ;
nCurrentInfo = LOWORD (wParam) ;
CheckMenuItem (hMenu, nCurrentInfo, MF_CHECKED) ;
}
InvalidateRect (hwnd, NULL, TRUE) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_INITMENUPOPUP :
if (lParam == 0)
EnableMenuItem (GetMenu (hwnd), IDM_DEVMODE,
nCurrentDevice == IDM_SCREEN ? MF_GRAYED : MF_ENABLED) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_PAINT :
lstrcpy (szWindowText, TEXT ("Device Capabilities: ")) ;
if (nCurrentDevice == IDM_SCREEN)
{
lstrcpy (szDevice, TEXT ("DISPLAY")) ;
hdcInfo = CreateIC (szDevice, NULL, NULL, NULL) ;
}
else
{
hMenu = GetMenu (hwnd) ;
GetMenuString (hMenu, nCurrentDevice, szDevice,
sizeof (szDevice), MF_BYCOMMAND) ;
hdcInfo = CreateIC (NULL, szDevice, NULL, NULL) ;
}
lstrcat (szWindowText, szDevice) ;
SetWindowText (hwnd, szWindowText) ;
hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
SelectObject (hdc, GetStockObject (SYSTEM_FIXED_FONT)) ;
if (hdcInfo)
{
switch (nCurrentInfo)
{
case IDM_BASIC :
DoBasicInfo (hdc, hdcInfo, cxChar, cyChar) ;
break ;
case IDM_OTHER :
DoOtherInfo (hdc, hdcInfo, cxChar, cyChar) ;
break ;
case IDM_CURVE :
case IDM_LINE :
case IDM_POLY :
case IDM_TEXT :
DoBitCodedCaps (hdc, hdcInfo, cxChar, cyChar,
nCurrentInfo - IDM_CURVE) ;
break ;
}
DeleteDC (hdcInfo) ;
}
EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_DESTROY :
PostQuitMessage (0) ;
return 0 ;
}
return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
}
void DoBasicInfo (HDC hdc, HDC hdcInfo, int cxChar, int cyChar)
{
static struct
{
int nIndex ;
TCHAR * szDesc ;
}
info[] =
{
HORZSIZE, TEXT ("HORZSIZE Width in millimeters:"),
VERTSIZE, TEXT ("VERTSIZE Height in millimeters:"),
HORZRES, TEXT ("HORZRES Width in pixels:"),
VERTRES, TEXT ("VERTRES Height in raster lines:"),
BITSPIXEL, TEXT ("BITSPIXEL Color bits per pixel:"),
PLANES, TEXT ("PLANES Number of color planes:"),
NUMBRUSHES, TEXT ("NUMBRUSHES Number of device brushes:"),
NUMPENS, TEXT ("NUMPENS Number of device pens:"),
NUMMARKERS, TEXT ("NUMMARKERS Number of device markers:"),
NUMFONTS, TEXT ("NUMFONTS Number of device fonts:"),
NUMCOLORS, TEXT ("NUMCOLORS Number of device colors:"),
PDEVICESIZE, TEXT ("PDEVICESIZE Size of device structure:"),
ASPECTX, TEXT ("ASPECTX Relative width of pixel:"),
ASPECTY, TEXT ("ASPECTY Relative height of pixel:"),
ASPECTXY, TEXT ("ASPECTXY Relative diagonal of pixel:"),
LOGPIXELSX, TEXT ("LOGPIXELSX Horizontal dots per inch:"),
LOGPIXELSY, TEXT ("LOGPIXELSY Vertical dots per inch:"),
SIZEPALETTE, TEXT ("SIZEPALETTE Number of palette entries:"),
NUMRESERVED, TEXT ("NUMRESERVED Reserved palette entries:"),
COLORRES, TEXT ("COLORRES Actual color resolution:"),
PHYSICALWIDTH, TEXT ("PHYSICALWIDTH Printer page pixel width:"),
PHYSICALHEIGHT, TEXT ("PHYSICALHEIGHT Printer page pixel height:"),
PHYSICALOFFSETX, TEXT ("PHYSICALOFFSETX Printer page x offset:"),
PHYSICALOFFSETY, TEXT ("PHYSICALOFFSETY Printer page y offset:")
} ;
int i ;
TCHAR szBuffer[80] ;
for (i = 0 ; i < sizeof (info) / sizeof (info[0]) ; i++)
TextOut (hdc, cxChar, (i + 1) * cyChar, szBuffer,
wsprintf (szBuffer, TEXT ("%-45s%8d"), info[i].szDesc,
GetDeviceCaps (hdcInfo, info[i].nIndex))) ;
}
void DoOtherInfo (HDC hdc, HDC hdcInfo, int cxChar, int cyChar)
{
static BITS clip[] =
{
CP_RECTANGLE, TEXT ("CP_RECTANGLE Can Clip To Rectangle:")
} ;
static BITS raster[] =
{
RC_BITBLT, TEXT ("RC_BITBLT Capable of simple BitBlt:"),
RC_BANDING, TEXT ("RC_BANDING Requires banding support:"),
RC_SCALING, TEXT ("RC_SCALING Requires scaling support:"),
RC_BITMAP64, TEXT ("RC_BITMAP64 Supports bitmaps >64K:"),
RC_GDI20_OUTPUT, TEXT ("RC_GDI20_OUTPUT Has 2.0 output calls:"),
RC_DI_BITMAP, TEXT ("RC_DI_BITMAP Supports DIB to memory:"),
RC_PALETTE, TEXT ("RC_PALETTE Supports a palette:"),
RC_DIBTODEV, TEXT ("RC_DIBTODEV Supports bitmap conversion:"),
RC_BIGFONT, TEXT ("RC_BIGFONT Supports fonts >64K:"),
RC_STRETCHBLT, TEXT ("RC_STRETCHBLT Supports StretchBlt:"),
RC_FLOODFILL, TEXT ("RC_FLOODFILL Supports FloodFill:"),
RC_STRETCHDIB, TEXT ("RC_STRETCHDIB Supports StretchDIBits:")
} ;
static TCHAR * szTech[] = { TEXT ("DT_PLOTTER (Vector plotter)"),
TEXT ("DT_RASDISPLAY (Raster display)"),
TEXT ("DT_RASPRINTER (Raster printer)"),
TEXT ("DT_RASCAMERA (Raster camera)"),
TEXT ("DT_CHARSTREAM (Character stream)"),
TEXT ("DT_METAFILE (Metafile)"),
TEXT ("DT_DISPFILE (Display file)") } ;
int i ;
TCHAR szBuffer[80] ;
TextOut (hdc, cxChar, cyChar, szBuffer,
wsprintf (szBuffer, TEXT ("%-24s%04XH"), TEXT ("DRIVERVERSION:"),
GetDeviceCaps (hdcInfo, DRIVERVERSION))) ;
TextOut (hdc, cxChar, 2 * cyChar, szBuffer,
wsprintf (szBuffer, TEXT ("%-24s%-40s"), TEXT ("TECHNOLOGY:"),
szTech[GetDeviceCaps (hdcInfo, TECHNOLOGY)])) ;
TextOut (hdc, cxChar, 4 * cyChar, szBuffer,
wsprintf (szBuffer, TEXT ("CLIPCAPS (Clipping capabilities)"))) ;
for (i = 0 ; i < sizeof (clip) / sizeof (clip[0]) ; i++)
TextOut (hdc, 9 * cxChar, (i + 6) * cyChar, szBuffer,
wsprintf (szBuffer, TEXT ("%-45s %3s"), clip[i].szDesc,
GetDeviceCaps (hdcInfo, CLIPCAPS) & clip[i].iMask ?
TEXT ("Yes") : TEXT ("No"))) ;
TextOut (hdc, cxChar, 8 * cyChar, szBuffer,
wsprintf (szBuffer, TEXT ("RASTERCAPS (Raster capabilities)"))) ;
for (i = 0 ; i < sizeof (raster) / sizeof (raster[0]) ; i++)
TextOut (hdc, 9 * cxChar, (i + 10) * cyChar, szBuffer,
wsprintf (szBuffer, TEXT ("%-45s %3s"), raster[i].szDesc,
GetDeviceCaps (hdcInfo, RASTERCAPS) & raster[i].iMask ?
TEXT ("Yes") : TEXT ("No"))) ;
}
void DoBitCodedCaps (HDC hdc, HDC hdcInfo, int cxChar, int cyChar, int iType)
{
static BITS curves[] =
{
CC_CIRCLES, TEXT ("CC_CIRCLES Can do circles:"),
CC_PIE, TEXT ("CC_PIE Can do pie wedges:"),
CC_CHORD, TEXT ("CC_CHORD Can do chord arcs:"),
CC_ELLIPSES, TEXT ("CC_ELLIPSES Can do ellipses:"),
CC_WIDE, TEXT ("CC_WIDE Can do wide borders:"),
CC_STYLED, TEXT ("CC_STYLED Can do styled borders:"),
CC_WIDESTYLED, TEXT ("CC_WIDESTYLED Can do wide and styled borders:"),
CC_INTERIORS, TEXT ("CC_INTERIORS Can do interiors:")
} ;
static BITS lines[] =
{
LC_POLYLINE, TEXT ("LC_POLYLINE Can do polyline:"),
LC_MARKER, TEXT ("LC_MARKER Can do markers:"),
LC_POLYMARKER, TEXT ("LC_POLYMARKER Can do polymarkers"),
LC_WIDE, TEXT ("LC_WIDE Can do wide lines:"),
LC_STYLED, TEXT ("LC_STYLED Can do styled lines:"),
LC_WIDESTYLED, TEXT ("LC_WIDESTYLED Can do wide and styled lines:"),
LC_INTERIORS, TEXT ("LC_INTERIORS Can do interiors:")
} ;
static BITS poly[] =
{
PC_POLYGON,
TEXT ("PC_POLYGON Can do alternate fill polygon:"),
PC_RECTANGLE, TEXT ("PC_RECTANGLE Can do rectangle:"),
PC_WINDPOLYGON,
TEXT ("PC_WINDPOLYGON Can do winding number fill polygon:"),
PC_SCANLINE, TEXT ("PC_SCANLINE Can do scanlines:"),
PC_WIDE, TEXT ("PC_WIDE Can do wide borders:"),
PC_STYLED, TEXT ("PC_STYLED Can do styled borders:"),
PC_WIDESTYLED,
TEXT ("PC_WIDESTYLED Can do wide and styled borders:"),
PC_INTERIORS, TEXT ("PC_INTERIORS Can do interiors:")
} ;
static BITS text[] =
{
TC_OP_CHARACTER,
TEXT ("TC_OP_CHARACTER Can do character output precision:"),
TC_OP_STROKE,
TEXT ("TC_OP_STROKE Can do stroke output precision:"),
TC_CP_STROKE,
TEXT ("TC_CP_STROKE Can do stroke clip precision:"),
TC_CR_90,
TEXT ("TC_CP_90 Can do 90 degree character rotation:"),
TC_CR_ANY,
TEXT ("TC_CR_ANY Can do any character rotation:"),
TC_SF_X_YINDEP,
TEXT ("TC_SF_X_YINDEP Can do scaling independent of X and Y:"),
TC_SA_DOUBLE,
TEXT ("TC_SA_DOUBLE Can do doubled character for scaling:"),
TC_SA_INTEGER,
TEXT ("TC_SA_INTEGER Can do integer multiples for scaling:"),
TC_SA_CONTIN,
TEXT ("TC_SA_CONTIN Can do any multiples for exact scaling:"),
TC_EA_DOUBLE,
TEXT ("TC_EA_DOUBLE Can do double weight characters:"),
TC_IA_ABLE, TEXT ("TC_IA_ABLE Can do italicizing:"),
TC_UA_ABLE, TEXT ("TC_UA_ABLE Can do underlining:"),
TC_SO_ABLE, TEXT ("TC_SO_ABLE Can do strikeouts:"),
TC_RA_ABLE, TEXT ("TC_RA_ABLE Can do raster fonts:"),
TC_VA_ABLE, TEXT ("TC_VA_ABLE Can do vector fonts:")
} ;
static struct
{
int iIndex ;
TCHAR * szTitle ;
BITS (*pbits)[] ;
int iSize ;
}
bitinfo[] =
{
CURVECAPS, TEXT ("CURVCAPS (Curve Capabilities)"),
(BITS (*)[]) curves, sizeof (curves) / sizeof (curves[0]),
LINECAPS, TEXT ("LINECAPS (Line Capabilities)"),
(BITS (*)[]) lines, sizeof (lines) / sizeof (lines[0]),
POLYGONALCAPS, TEXT ("POLYGONALCAPS (Polygonal Capabilities)"),
(BITS (*)[]) poly, sizeof (poly) / sizeof (poly[0]),
TEXTCAPS, TEXT ("TEXTCAPS (Text Capabilities)"),
(BITS (*)[]) text, sizeof (text) / sizeof (text[0])
} ;
static TCHAR szBuffer[80] ;
BITS (*pbits)[] = bitinfo[iType].pbits ;
int i, iDevCaps = GetDeviceCaps (hdcInfo, bitinfo[iType].iIndex) ;
TextOut (hdc, cxChar, cyChar, bitinfo[iType].szTitle,
lstrlen (bitinfo[iType].szTitle)) ;
for (i = 0 ; i < bitinfo[iType].iSize ; i++)
TextOut (hdc, cxChar, (i + 3) * cyChar, szBuffer,
wsprintf (szBuffer, TEXT ("%-55s %3s"), (*pbits)[i].szDesc,
iDevCaps & (*pbits)[i].iMask ? TEXT ("Yes") : TEXT ("No")));
}
简单打印
GetPrnDC.c
获取打印设备环境
/*-------------------------------------
GETPRNDC.C -- GetPrinterDC function
-------------------------------------*/
#include <windows.h>
HDC GetPrinterDC (void)
{
DWORD dwNeeded, dwReturned ;
HDC hdc ;
PRINTER_INFO_4 * pinfo4 ;
PRINTER_INFO_5 * pinfo5 ;
if (GetVersion () & 0x80000000) // Windows 98
{
EnumPrinters (PRINTER_ENUM_DEFAULT, NULL, 5, NULL,
0, &dwNeeded, &dwReturned) ;
pinfo5 = malloc (dwNeeded) ;
EnumPrinters (PRINTER_ENUM_DEFAULT, NULL, 5, (PBYTE) pinfo5,
dwNeeded, &dwNeeded, &dwReturned) ;
hdc = CreateDC (NULL, pinfo5->pPrinterName, NULL, NULL) ;
free (pinfo5) ;
}
else // Windows NT
{
EnumPrinters (PRINTER_ENUM_LOCAL, NULL, 4, NULL,
0, &dwNeeded, &dwReturned) ;
pinfo4 = malloc (dwNeeded) ;
EnumPrinters (PRINTER_ENUM_LOCAL, NULL, 4, (PBYTE) pinfo4,
dwNeeded, &dwNeeded, &dwReturned) ;
hdc = CreateDC (NULL, pinfo4->pPrinterName, NULL, NULL) ;
free (pinfo4) ;
}
return hdc ;
}
FormFeed.c
/*---------------------------------------------
FORMFEED.C -- Advances printer to next page
(c) Charles Petzold, 1998
---------------------------------------------*/
#include <windows.h>
HDC GetPrinterDC (void) ;
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpszCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
static DOCINFO di = { sizeof (DOCINFO), TEXT ("FormFeed") } ;
HDC hdcPrint = GetPrinterDC () ;
if (hdcPrint != NULL)
{
if (StartDoc (hdcPrint, &di) > 0)
if (StartPage (hdcPrint) > 0 && EndPage (hdcPrint) > 0)
EndDoc (hdcPrint) ;
DeleteDC (hdcPrint) ;
}
return 0 ;
}
打印的基本程序
在系统菜单处，添加打印菜单项。
PRINT.C
/*-----------------------------------------------------------
PRINT.C -- Common routines for Print1, Print2, and Print3
-----------------------------------------------------------*/
#include <windows.h>
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;
BOOL PrintMyPage (HWND) ;
extern HINSTANCE hInst ;
extern TCHAR szAppName[] ;
extern TCHAR szCaption[] ;
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
HWND hwnd ;
MSG msg ;
WNDCLASS wndclass ;
wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc ;
wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.hInstance = hInstance ;
wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ;
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ;
wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ;
wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL ;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ;
if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
{
MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("This program requires Windows NT!"),
szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
return 0 ;
}
hInst = hInstance ;
hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName, szCaption,
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL) ;
ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
UpdateWindow (hwnd) ;
while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
}
return msg.wParam ;
}
void PageGDICalls (HDC hdcPrn, int cxPage, int cyPage)
{
static TCHAR szTextStr[] = TEXT ("Hello, Printer!") ;
Rectangle (hdcPrn, 0, 0, cxPage, cyPage) ;
MoveToEx (hdcPrn, 0, 0, NULL) ;
LineTo (hdcPrn, cxPage, cyPage) ;
MoveToEx (hdcPrn, cxPage, 0, NULL) ;
LineTo (hdcPrn, 0, cyPage) ;
SaveDC (hdcPrn) ;
SetMapMode (hdcPrn, MM_ISOTROPIC) ;
SetWindowExtEx (hdcPrn, 1000, 1000, NULL) ;
SetViewportExtEx (hdcPrn, cxPage / 2, -cyPage / 2, NULL) ;
SetViewportOrgEx (hdcPrn, cxPage / 2, cyPage / 2, NULL) ;
Ellipse (hdcPrn, -500, 500, 500, -500) ;
SetTextAlign (hdcPrn, TA_BASELINE | TA_CENTER) ;
TextOut (hdcPrn, 0, 0, szTextStr, lstrlen (szTextStr)) ;
RestoreDC (hdcPrn, -1) ;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
static int cxClient, cyClient ;
HDC hdc ;
HMENU hMenu ;
PAINTSTRUCT ps ;
switch (message)
{
case WM_CREATE:
hMenu = GetSystemMenu (hwnd, FALSE) ;
AppendMenu (hMenu, MF_SEPARATOR, 0, NULL) ;
AppendMenu (hMenu, 0, 1, TEXT ("&Print")) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_SIZE:
cxClient = LOWORD (lParam) ;
cyClient = HIWORD (lParam) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_SYSCOMMAND:
if (wParam == 1)
{
if (!PrintMyPage (hwnd))
MessageBox (hwnd, TEXT ("Could not print page!"),
szAppName, MB_OK | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION) ;
return 0 ;
}
break ;
case WM_PAINT :
hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
PageGDICalls (hdc, cxClient, cyClient) ;
EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_DESTROY :
PostQuitMessage (0) ;
return 0 ;
}
return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
}
Print1.c
/*---------------------------------------
PRINT1.C -- Bare Bones Printing
(c) Charles Petzold, 1998
---------------------------------------*/
#include <windows.h>
HDC GetPrinterDC (void) ; // in GETPRNDC.C
void PageGDICalls (HDC, int, int) ; // in PRINT.C
HINSTANCE hInst ;
TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("Print1") ;
TCHAR szCaption[] = TEXT ("Print Program 1") ;
BOOL PrintMyPage (HWND hwnd)
{
static DOCINFO di = { sizeof (DOCINFO), TEXT ("Print1: Printing") } ;
BOOL bSuccess = TRUE ;
HDC hdcPrn ;
int xPage, yPage ;
if (NULL == (hdcPrn = GetPrinterDC ()))
return FALSE ;
xPage = GetDeviceCaps (hdcPrn, HORZRES) ;
yPage = GetDeviceCaps (hdcPrn, VERTRES) ;
if (StartDoc (hdcPrn, &di) > 0)
{
if (StartPage (hdcPrn) > 0)
{
PageGDICalls (hdcPrn, xPage, yPage) ;
if (EndPage (hdcPrn) > 0)
EndDoc (hdcPrn) ;
else
bSuccess = FALSE ;
}
}
else
bSuccess = FALSE ;
DeleteDC (hdcPrn) ;
return bSuccess ;
}
放弃程序
对于大型文件，程序应该提供使用者在应用程序行印期间取消打印任务的便利性。也许使用者只要打印文件中的一页，而不是打印全部的537页。应该要能在印完全部的537页之前纠正这个错误。
在一个程序内取消一个打印任务需要一种被称为「放弃程序」的技术。
/*-------------------------------------------
PRINT2.C -- Printing with Abort Procedure
(c) Charles Petzold, 1998
-------------------------------------------*/
#include <windows.h>
HDC GetPrinterDC (void) ; // in GETPRNDC.C
void PageGDICalls (HDC, int, int) ; // in PRINT.C
HINSTANCE hInst ;
TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("Print2") ;
TCHAR szCaption[] = TEXT ("Print Program 2 (Abort Procedure)") ;
BOOL CALLBACK AbortProc (HDC hdcPrn, int iCode)
{
MSG msg ;
while (PeekMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
}
return TRUE ;
}
BOOL PrintMyPage (HWND hwnd)
{
static DOCINFO di = { sizeof (DOCINFO), TEXT ("Print2: Printing") } ;
BOOL bSuccess = TRUE ;
HDC hdcPrn ;
short xPage, yPage ;
if (NULL == (hdcPrn = GetPrinterDC ()))
return FALSE ;
xPage = GetDeviceCaps (hdcPrn, HORZRES) ;
yPage = GetDeviceCaps (hdcPrn, VERTRES) ;
// 禁止窗口接收鼠标和键盘消息，避免重复打印
EnableWindow (hwnd, FALSE) ;
SetAbortProc (hdcPrn, AbortProc) ;
if (StartDoc (hdcPrn, &di) > 0)
{
if (StartPage (hdcPrn) > 0)
{
PageGDICalls (hdcPrn, xPage, yPage) ;
if (EndPage (hdcPrn) > 0)
EndDoc (hdcPrn) ;
else
bSuccess = FALSE ;
}
}
else
bSuccess = FALSE ;
// 启用窗口接收鼠标键盘消息
EnableWindow (hwnd, TRUE) ;
DeleteDC (hdcPrn) ;
return bSuccess ;
}
增加打印对话框
AbortProc中的PeekMessage循环得被修改，以便将非系统模态对话框的消息发送给对话框窗口消息处理程序。PrintDlgProc必须处理WM_COMMAND消息，以检查「Cancel」按钮的状态。如果「Cancel」钮被按下，就将一个叫做bUserAbort的整体变量设为TRUE。AbortProc传回的值正好和bUserAbort相反。您可能还记得，如果AbortProc传回TRUE会继续打印，传回FALSE则放弃打印。
Print.rc
/
//
// Dialog
//
PRINTDLGBOX DIALOG DISCARDABLE 20, 20, 186, 63
STYLE DS_MODALFRAME | WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU
FONT 8, "MS Sans Serif"
BEGIN
PUSHBUTTON "Cancel",IDCANCEL,67,42,50,14
CTEXT "Cancel Printing",IDC_STATIC,7,21,172,8
END
/
//
// DESIGNINFO
//
#ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
GUIDELINES DESIGNINFO DISCARDABLE
BEGIN
"PRINTDLGBOX", DIALOG
BEGIN
LEFTMARGIN, 7
RIGHTMARGIN, 179
TOPMARGIN, 7
BOTTOMMARGIN, 56
END
END
#endif // APSTUDIO_INVOKEDRESOURCE.H
#define IDC_STATIC -1Print3.c
只有在AbortProc用PeekMessage找到消息，并用IsDialogMessage将它们传送给对话框窗口消息处理程序时，这个对话框才接收消息。只有在GDI模块处理EndPage函数时，才呼叫AbortProc。如果GDI发现AbortProc的传回值是FALSE， 它将控制权从EndPage传回到PrintMyPage。它不传回错误码。至此，PrintMyPage认为打印页已经发完了，并呼叫EndDoc函数。但是，由于GDI模块还没有完成对EndPage呼叫的处理，所以不会打印出什么东西来。
/*---------------------------------------
PRINT3.C -- Printing with Dialog Box
(c) Charles Petzold, 1998
---------------------------------------*/
#include <windows.h>
HDC GetPrinterDC (void) ; // in GETPRNDC.C
void PageGDICalls (HDC, int, int) ; // in PRINT.C
HINSTANCE hInst ;
TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("Print3") ;
TCHAR szCaption[] = TEXT ("Print Program 3 (Dialog Box)") ;
BOOL bUserAbort ;
HWND hDlgPrint ;
// 打印对话框处理程序
BOOL CALLBACK PrintDlgProc (HWND hDlg, UINT message,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (message)
{
case WM_INITDIALOG:
// 设置窗口标题
SetWindowText (hDlg, szAppName) ;
// 停用系统菜单的关闭选项
EnableMenuItem (GetSystemMenu (hDlg, FALSE), SC_CLOSE, MF_GRAYED) ;
return TRUE ;
case WM_COMMAND: // 按下取消按钮之后
// 全局变量，TRUE标识取消按钮按下
bUserAbort = TRUE ;
EnableWindow (GetParent (hDlg), TRUE) ; // 启动主窗口
DestroyWindow (hDlg) ; // 关闭对话框
hDlgPrint = NULL ; // 设定为NULL，防止在消息循环中呼叫IsDialogMessage
return TRUE ;
}
return FALSE ;
}
// 放弃处理程序，用来停止打印
BOOL CALLBACK AbortProc (HDC hdcPrn, int iCode)
{
MSG msg ;
while (!bUserAbort && PeekMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
// IsDialogMessage函数用来将消息发送给非系统模态对话框
if (!hDlgPrint || !IsDialogMessage (hDlgPrint, &msg))
{
TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
}
}
// 返回TRUE标识继续打印
return !bUserAbort ;
}
BOOL PrintMyPage (HWND hwnd)
{
static DOCINFO di = { sizeof (DOCINFO), TEXT ("Print3: Printing") } ;
BOOL bSuccess = TRUE ;
HDC hdcPrn ;
int xPage, yPage ;
if (NULL == (hdcPrn = GetPrinterDC ()))
return FALSE ;
xPage = GetDeviceCaps (hdcPrn, HORZRES) ;
yPage = GetDeviceCaps (hdcPrn, VERTRES) ;
EnableWindow (hwnd, FALSE) ;
// 先设置用户取消状态为False
bUserAbort = FALSE ;
// 设置弹窗回调函数
hDlgPrint = CreateDialog (hInst, TEXT ("PrintDlgBox"),
hwnd, PrintDlgProc) ;
// 设置放弃处理程序回调函数
SetAbortProc (hdcPrn, AbortProc) ;
if (StartDoc (hdcPrn, &di) > 0)
{
if (StartPage (hdcPrn) > 0)
{
PageGDICalls (hdcPrn, xPage, yPage) ;
if (EndPage (hdcPrn) > 0)
EndDoc (hdcPrn) ;
else
bSuccess = FALSE ;
}
}
else
bSuccess = FALSE ;
if (!bUserAbort)
{
// 如果用户没有取消打印，就重新启用主窗口，并清除打印对话框
EnableWindow (hwnd, TRUE) ;
DestroyWindow (hDlgPrint) ;
}
DeleteDC (hdcPrn) ;
// bUserAbort可以告诉您使用者是否终止了打印作业
// bSuccess会告诉您是否出了故障
return bSuccess && !bUserAbort ;
}
为POPPAD增加打印功能
需要用到对话框一节的代码。
/*----------------------------------------------
POPPRNT.C -- Popup Editor Printing Functions
----------------------------------------------*/
#include <windows.h>
#include <commdlg.h>
#include "resource.h"
BOOL bUserAbort ;
HWND hDlgPrint ;
BOOL CALLBACK PrintDlgProc (HWND hDlg, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (msg)
{
case WM_INITDIALOG :
EnableMenuItem (GetSystemMenu (hDlg, FALSE), SC_CLOSE, MF_GRAYED) ;
return TRUE ;
case WM_COMMAND :
bUserAbort = TRUE ;
EnableWindow (GetParent (hDlg), TRUE) ;
DestroyWindow (hDlg) ;
hDlgPrint = NULL ;
return TRUE ;
}
return FALSE ;
}
BOOL CALLBACK AbortProc (HDC hPrinterDC, int iCode)
{
MSG msg ;
while (!bUserAbort && PeekMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
if (!hDlgPrint || !IsDialogMessage (hDlgPrint, &msg))
{
TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
}
}
return !bUserAbort ;
}
BOOL PopPrntPrintFile (HINSTANCE hInst, HWND hwnd, HWND hwndEdit,
PTSTR szTitleName)
{
static DOCINFO di = { sizeof (DOCINFO) } ;
// 通用对话框结构
static PRINTDLG pd ;
BOOL bSuccess ;
int yChar, iCharsPerLine, iLinesPerPage, iTotalLines,
iTotalPages, iPage, iLine, iLineNum ;
PTSTR pstrBuffer ;
TCHAR szJobName [64 + MAX_PATH] ;
TEXTMETRIC tm ;
WORD iColCopy, iNoiColCopy ;
// Invoke Print common dialog box
pd.lStructSize = sizeof (PRINTDLG) ;
pd.hwndOwner = hwnd ;
pd.hDevMode = NULL ;
pd.hDevNames = NULL ;
pd.hDC = NULL ;
// PD_COLLATE允许多份打印
pd.Flags = PD_ALLPAGES | PD_COLLATE |
PD_RETURNDC | PD_NOSELECTION ;
pd.nFromPage = 0 ;
pd.nToPage = 0 ;
pd.nMinPage = 0 ;
pd.nMaxPage = 0 ;
pd.nCopies = 1 ;
pd.hInstance = NULL ;
pd.lCustData = 0L ;
pd.lpfnPrintHook = NULL ;
pd.lpfnSetupHook = NULL ;
pd.lpPrintTemplateName = NULL ;
pd.lpSetupTemplateName = NULL ;
pd.hPrintTemplate = NULL ;
pd.hSetupTemplate = NULL ;
// PrintDlg显示打印对话框
if (!PrintDlg (&pd))
return TRUE ;
// 发送EM_GETLINECOUNT来确定总行数
if (0 == (iTotalLines = SendMessage (hwndEdit, EM_GETLINECOUNT, 0, 0)))
return TRUE ;
// Calculate necessary metrics for file
GetTextMetrics (pd.hDC, &tm) ;
yChar = tm.tmHeight + tm.tmExternalLeading ;
iCharsPerLine = GetDeviceCaps (pd.hDC, HORZRES) / tm.tmAveCharWidth ;
iLinesPerPage = GetDeviceCaps (pd.hDC, VERTRES) / yChar ;
iTotalPages = (iTotalLines + iLinesPerPage - 1) / iLinesPerPage ;
// Allocate a buffer for each line of text
pstrBuffer = malloc (sizeof (TCHAR) * (iCharsPerLine + 1)) ;
// Display the printing dialog box
EnableWindow (hwnd, FALSE) ;
bSuccess = TRUE ;
bUserAbort = FALSE ;
hDlgPrint = CreateDialog (hInst, TEXT ("PrintDlgBox"),
hwnd, PrintDlgProc) ;
SetDlgItemText (hDlgPrint, IDC_FILENAME, szTitleName) ;
SetAbortProc (pd.hDC, AbortProc) ;
// Start the document
GetWindowText (hwnd, szJobName, sizeof (szJobName)) ;
di.lpszDocName = szJobName ;
if (StartDoc (pd.hDC, &di) > 0)
{
// Collation requires this loop and iNoiColCopy
// 逐份打印
for (iColCopy = 0 ;
iColCopy < ((WORD) pd.Flags & PD_COLLATE ? pd.nCopies : 1) ;
iColCopy++)
{
for (iPage = 0 ; iPage < iTotalPages ; iPage++)
{
for (iNoiColCopy = 0 ;
iNoiColCopy < (pd.Flags & PD_COLLATE ? 1 : pd.nCopies);
iNoiColCopy++)
{
// Start the page
if (StartPage (pd.hDC) < 0)
{
bSuccess = FALSE ;
break ;
}
// For each page, print the lines
for (iLine = 0 ; iLine < iLinesPerPage ; iLine++)
{
iLineNum = iLinesPerPage * iPage + iLine ;
if (iLineNum > iTotalLines)
break ;
*(int *) pstrBuffer = iCharsPerLine ;
TextOut (pd.hDC, 0, yChar * iLine, pstrBuffer,
(int) SendMessage (hwndEdit, EM_GETLINE,
(WPARAM) iLineNum, (LPARAM) pstrBuffer));
}
if (EndPage (pd.hDC) < 0)
{
bSuccess = FALSE ;
break ;
}
if (bUserAbort)
break ;
}
if (!bSuccess || bUserAbort)
break ;
}
if (!bSuccess || bUserAbort)
break ;
}
}
else
bSuccess = FALSE ;
if (bSuccess)
EndDoc (pd.hDC) ;
if (!bUserAbort)
{
EnableWindow (hwnd, TRUE) ;
DestroyWindow (hDlgPrint) ;
}
free (pstrBuffer) ;
DeleteDC (pd.hDC) ;
return bSuccess && !bUserAbort ;
}
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