ROOT COMPLEX

       The capability to route peer-to-peer transactions between hierarchy domains 层次结构域through a Root Complex is optional and implementation dependent并且取决于实现方式. For example, an implementation may incorporate a real or virtual Switch internally within the Root Complex to enable full peer-to-peer support in a software transparent way. 

例如，一个实现可能包含一个真实的或虚拟的交换机内部的根联合体内实现完全对等网络支持，软件透明的方式。

Unlike the rules for a Switch, a Root Complex is generally permitted to split a packet into smaller packets when routing transactions peer-to-peer between hierarchy domains (except as noted below), e.g., split a single packet with a 256-byte payload into two packets of 128 bytes
payload each. The resulting packets are subject to the normal packet formation rules contained in this specification (e.g., Max_Payload_Size, Read Completion Boundary, etc.). Component designers should note that splitting a packet into smaller packets may have negative performance
consequences, especially for a transaction addressing a device behind a PCI Express to PCI/PCI-X bridge. 

   也就是说SWITCH不可以折分包。
Exception: A Root Complex that supports peer-to-peer routing of Vendor_Defined Messages is
not permitted to split a Vendor_Defined Message packet into smaller packets except at 128-byte
boundaries (i.e., all resulting packets except the last must be an integral multiple of 128 bytes in 20
length) in order to retain the ability to forward the Message across a PCI Express to PCI/PCI-X 

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1.3.2. Endpoints
Endpoint refers to a type of Function that can be the Requester or Completer of a PCI Express transaction either on its own behalf or on behalf of a distinct non-PCI Express device (other than a PCI device or Host CPU), e.g., a PCI Express attached graphics controller or a PCI Express-USB host controller. Endpoints are classified as either legacy, PCI Express, or Root Complex Integrated Endpoints.

    An ACS Endpoint refers to a multi-Function Endpoint that supports peer-to-peer access control between functions within the Endpoint. For example, a multi-Port Ethernet Endpoint may treat each Ethernet Port as a separate PCI Express Function. Such an ACS Ethernet Endpoint would provide access controls to enable or preclude communication between individual functions.