Heat Transfer|L1_Introduction on Heat Transfer

Introduction

usuallywe ues below coordinate in this class

Three mode of heat transfer

Heat Conduction （热传导）

• Energy , from more energetic to the less energetic particles , due to interaction between the particles.
• Contact between bodies at different temperatures by molecular motion.
• Slid bodies is by conduction alone. The heat may transfer from a solid surface to a fluid partly by conduction and partly by convection.
  

Heat Convection（热对流）

• convection is the process by movement of fluids.
• Convection heat transfer includes both forced convection and natural convection
• Heat transfer processes that involve change of phase of a fluid are also being considered to be convection.
• Forced and natural convection: an example
  
• Newton’s Law of cooling
  $q=h\left(T_w-T_f\right)$ the fluid will heat up. h is the convection coefficient.
  $q=h\left(T_f-T_w\right)$ the fluid will cold down. h is the convection coefficient.

Heat Radiation (热辐射)

• Thermal radiation can occur through matter or through a
  region of space that is void of matter

• Stefan-Boltzmann Law
  黑体表面的热辐射
  $$E_b=\sigma T^4$$
  Eb is the emissive power
  σ is the Stefan- Boltzmann constant (5.67×10-8 Wm-2K-4)
  T is the absolute temperature

• Heat transfer rate:
  $$\Phi ={\epsilon }_1{A}_1\sigma \left(T_1^4-T_2^4\right)$$

  ε is emissivity of the surface

A example of Heat Transfer Process

• The heat transfer rate:

$$q=\frac{T_{\infty 1}-T_{\infty 2}}{\frac{1}{h_1}+\frac{\delta }{\lambda }+\frac{1}{h_2}}$$

where

$$k=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{h_1}+\frac{\delta }{\lambda }+\frac{1}{h_2}}$$

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Heat convection two equation:

1. Stefan-Boltzmann Law
   黑体表面的热辐射
   $$E_b=\sigma T^4$$
2. Newton’s Law of cooling
   $q=h\left(T_w-T_f\right)$ the fluid will heat up. h is the convection coefficient.
   $q=h\left(T_f-T_w\right)$ the fluid will cold down. h is the convection coefficient.

Heat conduction 1 equation

1. Fourier’s Law

$$\Phi =-\lambda A\frac{dT}{dx}\text{ or }q=\frac{\Phi }{A}=-\lambda \frac{dT}{dx}$$