给出DirectX 3D 应用程序的基本框架,显示一个空白窗口。若要写出相关例程,只需修改相关函数即可。我已经加了详细注释。
头文件:
- //
- //
- // File: d3dUtility.h
- // by tianzhihen
- // 2008.10.9
- // MSVC++ 8.0
- //
- #ifndef __d3dUtilityH
- #define __d3dUtilityH
- #include <d3dx9.h>
- //#include <string>
- namespace d3d
- {
- bool InitD3D(
- HINSTANCE hInstance, //应用程序实例
- int width, int height, //后备缓冲宽/高
- bool windowed, //显示模式(窗口/全屏)
- D3DDEVTYPE deviceType, //设备类型(HAL/REF)
- IDirect3DDevice9** device //指向设备(显卡)接口地址的指针
- );
- //进入消息循环
- int EnterMsgLoop(
- bool (*ptr_display)(float timeDelta));
- //回调函数
- LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(
- HWND hwnd,
- UINT msg,
- WPARAM wParam,
- LPARAM lParam
- );
- template<class T> void Release(T t)
- {
- if (t)
- {
- t->Release();
- t = 0;
- }
- }
- template<class T> void Delete(T t)
- {
- if (t)
- {
- delete t;
- t = 0;
- }
- }
- }
- #endif
其实现文件:
- //
- //
- // File: d3dUtility.cpp
- // by tianzhihen
- // 2008.10.9
- // MSVC++ 8.0
- //
- #include "d3dUtility.h"
- bool d3d::InitD3D(HINSTANCE hInstance,
- int width, int height,
- bool windowed,
- D3DDEVTYPE deviceType,
- IDirect3DDevice9** device )
- {
- //
- //创造应用程序窗口
- //
- //初始化windows窗口类
- WNDCLASS wc;
- wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
- wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)d3d::WndProc;
- wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
- wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
- wc.hInstance = hInstance;
- wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(0, IDI_APPLICATION);
- wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(0, IDC_ARROW);
- wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
- wc.lpszMenuName = 0;
- wc.lpszClassName = "Direct3D9App";
- //注册窗口类
- if (!RegisterClass(&wc))
- {
- ::MessageBox(0,"RegisterClass() - FAILED",0,0);
- return false;
- }
- //创建窗口并返回其句柄
- HWND hwnd = 0;
- hwnd = ::CreateWindow("Direct3D9App", "Direct3D9App",
- WS_EX_TOPMOST,
- 0, 0, width, height,
- 0 /*parent hwnd*/, 0 /* menu */, hInstance, 0 /*extra*/);
- if( !hwnd )
- {
- ::MessageBox(0, "CreateWindow() - FAILED", 0, 0);
- return false;
- }
- //显示/更新 窗口
- ::ShowWindow(hwnd,SW_SHOW);
- ::UpdateWindow(hwnd);
- //
- // Init D3D
- //
- HRESULT hr = 0;
- //获取IDirect3D9 的指针(第1步)
- IDirect3D9* d3d9 = 0;
- d3d9 = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
- if (!d3d9)
- {
- ::MessageBox(0, "Direct3DCreate9() - FAILED", 0, 0);
- return false;
- }
- //校验顶点运算(第2步)
- //获取设备性能
- D3DCAPS9 caps;
- d3d9->GetDeviceCaps(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, //指定默认显示卡
- deviceType, //指定设备类型
- &caps /*返回已初始化的设备性能结构实例*/);
- int vp = 0;
- if (caps.DevCaps & D3DDEVCAPS_HWTRANSFORMANDLIGHT)
- vp = D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING; //支持硬件顶点运算
- else
- vp = D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING; //不支持硬件顶点运算
- //填充D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS 结构(第3步)
- D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
- d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = width;
- d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = height;
- d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8;
- d3dpp.BackBufferCount = 1;
- d3dpp.MultiSampleType = D3DMULTISAMPLE_NONE;
- d3dpp.MultiSampleQuality = 0;
- d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD; //指定交换链中的缓存的页面置换方式
- d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = hwnd;
- d3dpp.Windowed = windowed;
- d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true;
- d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D24S8;
- d3dpp.Flags = 0;
- d3dpp.FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz = D3DPRESENT_RATE_DEFAULT; //默认刷新频率
- d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE; //立即提交(后备缓冲)
- //创建设备(第4步)
- hr = d3d9->CreateDevice(
- D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, //默认显示卡
- deviceType, //设备类型(HAL/REF)
- hwnd, //窗口句柄
- vp, //指定顶点运算方式
- &d3dpp, //present parameters
- device //返回创建的设备接口的地址
- );
- if(FAILED(hr))
- {
- //如果创建失败,重设深度缓存的像素格式,再创建一次。
- d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D16;
- hr = d3d9->CreateDevice(
- D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, //默认显示卡
- deviceType, //设备类型(HAL/REF)
- hwnd, //窗口句柄
- vp, //指定顶点运算方式
- &d3dpp, //present parameters
- device //返回创建的设备接口的地址
- );
- if (FAILED(hr))
- {
- d3d9->Release();
- ::MessageBox(0, "CreateDevice() - FAILED", 0, 0);
- return false;
- }
- }
- d3d9->Release();
- return true;
- }
- int d3d::EnterMsgLoop(bool (*ptr_display)(float timeDelta))
- {
- //
- //消息循环
- //
- MSG msg;
- ::ZeroMemory(&msg,sizeof(MSG));
- static float lastTime = (float)timeGetTime();
- while (msg.message!=WM_QUIT)
- {
- if (::PeekMessage(&msg,0,0,0,PM_REMOVE))
- {
- ::TranslateMessage(&msg);
- ::DispatchMessage(&msg);
- }
- else
- {
- float currTime = (float)timeGetTime();
- float timeDelta = (currTime - lastTime)*0.001f;
- ptr_display(timeDelta);
- lastTime = currTime;
- }
- }
- return msg.wParam;
- }
主程序文件:
- //
- //
- // File: d3dUtility.cpp
- // by tianzhihen
- // 2008.10.9
- // MSVC++ 8.0
- //
- #include "d3dUtility.h"
- //
- // 全局变量
- //
- IDirect3DDevice9* Device = 0;
- //
- // 框架函数
- //
- bool Setup()
- {
- return true;
- }
- void Cleanup()
- {
- }
- bool Display(float timeDelta)
- {
- if (Device)
- {
- Device->Clear(0,0,D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER , 0x00000000,1.0f,0);
- Device->Present(0,0,0,0);
- }
- return true;
- }
- //
- // WndProc
- //
- LRESULT CALLBACK d3d::WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
- {
- switch(msg)
- {
- case WM_DESTROY:
- ::PostQuitMessage(0);
- break;
- case WM_KEYDOWN:
- if(wParam == VK_ESCAPE)
- ::DestroyWindow(hwnd);
- break;
- }
- return ::DefWindowProc(hwnd,msg,wParam,lParam);
- }
- //
- // WinMain
- //
- int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
- HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
- LPSTR lpCmdLine,
- int nShowCmd )
- {
- //程序入口地址
- //初始化D3D
- if (!d3d::InitD3D(hInstance,640,480,true,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,&Device))
- {
- ::MessageBox(0, "InitD3D() - FAILED", 0, 0);
- return 0;
- }
- //分配资源
- if (!Setup())
- {
- ::MessageBox(0, "Setup() - FAILED", 0, 0);
- return 0;
- }
- //进入消息循环
- d3d::EnterMsgLoop(Display);
- //清理资源
- Cleanup();
- Device->Release();
- return 0;
- }