项目要求
阅读教材例10.1。该例实现了一个复数类,但是美中不足的是,复数类的实部和虚部都固定只能是double型的。可以通过模板类的技术手段,设计Complex,使实部和虚部的类型为定义对象时指定的实际类型。
(1)要求类成员函数在类外定义。
(2)在此基础上,再实现减法、乘法和除法
你可以使用的main()函数如下。
int main( )
{
Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3; //实部和虚部是int型
c3=c1.complex_add(c2);
cout<<"c1+c2=";
c3.display( );
Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6; //实部和虚部是double型
c6=c4.complex_add(c5);
cout<<"c4+c5=";
c6.display( );
//下面测试减法、乘法和除法
……
return 0;
}
代码如下
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template <class numtype>
class Complex
{
public:
Complex(numtype r=0,numtype i=0):real(r),imag(i) {};
Complex operator + (Complex &c2);
Complex operator - (Complex &c2);
Complex operator * (Complex &c2);
Complex operator / (Complex &c2);
void display();
private:
numtype real;
numtype imag;
};
template <class numtype>
void Complex<numtype>::display()
{
cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i"<<")"<<endl;
}
template <class numtype>
Complex<numtype> Complex<numtype>::operator + (Complex<numtype> &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=real+c2.real;
c.imag=imag+c2.imag;
return c;
}
template <class numtype>
Complex<numtype> Complex<numtype>::operator - (Complex<numtype> &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=real-c2.real;
c.imag=imag-c2.imag;
return c;
}
template <class numtype>
Complex<numtype> Complex<numtype>::operator * (Complex<numtype> &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;
c.imag=real*c2.imag+imag*c2.real;
return c;
}
template <class numtype>
Complex<numtype> Complex<numtype>::operator / (Complex<numtype> &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=(real*c2.real+imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);
c.imag=(imag*c2.real-real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);
return c;
}
int main( )
{
Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3; //实部和虚部是int型
//c3=c1.complex_add(c2);
c3=c1+c2;
cout<<"c1+c2=";
c3.display( );
Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6; //实部和虚部是double型
//c6=c4.complex_add(c5);
c6=c4+c5;
cout<<"c4+c5=";
c6.display( );
//下面测试减法、乘法和除法
c3=c1-c2;
cout<<"c1-c2=";
c3.display( );
c6=c4-c5;
cout<<"c4-c5=";
c3.display( );
c3=c1*c2;
cout<<"c1*c2=";
c3.display( );
c6=c4*c5;
cout<<"c4*c5=";
c3.display( );
c3=c1/c2;
cout<<"c1/c2=";
c3.display( );
c6=c4/c5;
cout<<"c4/c5=";
c3.display( );
return 0;
}
运行结果