【分治计数|单调栈】51Nod 1215 数组的宽度

题面在这里

用单调栈分别维护$max$和$min$的”势力范围”

显然很好做

其实分治的话就更简单了

只需要记录$mx$和$mn$以及它们的前缀和就好了

分类讨论一下，这是分治计数的核心

示例程序：

分治计数：

#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
inline char nc(){
    static char buf[100000],*p1=buf,*p2=buf;
    return p1==p2&&(p2=(p1=buf)+fread(buf,1,100000,stdin),p1==p2)?EOF:*p1++;
}
inline int red(){
    int res=0,f=1;char ch=nc();
    while (ch<'0'||'9'<ch) {if (ch=='-') f=-f;ch=nc();}
    while ('0'<=ch&&ch<='9') res=res*10+ch-48,ch=nc();
    return res*f;
}

const int maxn=50005,INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
int n,a[maxn],mx[maxn],mn[maxn];
LL ans,smx[maxn],smn[maxn];
void divide(int L,int R){
    if (L==R) return;
    int mid=L+R>>1;
    divide(L,mid);divide(mid+1,R);
    mx[mid]=0;mn[mid]=INF;
    smx[mid]=smn[mid]=0;
    for (int i=mid+1;i<=R;i++){
        mx[i]=max(mx[i-1],a[i]);mn[i]=min(mn[i-1],a[i]);
        smx[i]=smx[i-1]+mx[i];smn[i]=smn[i-1]+mn[i];
    }
    LL Max=0,Min=INF;
    for (int i=mid,jx=mid,jm=mid;i>=L;i--){
        Max=max(Max,(LL)a[i]);Min=min(Min,(LL)a[i]);
        while (jx<R&&mx[jx+1]<=Max) jx++;
        while (jm<R&&mn[jm+1]>=Min) jm++;
        ans+=Max*(jx-mid)+smx[R]-smx[jx]-Min*(jm-mid)-smn[R]+smn[jm];
    }
}
int main(){              
    n=red();
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++) a[i]=red();
    divide(1,n);
    printf("%lld",ans);
    return 0;
}

单调栈：

#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#define LL long long
using namespace std;

const int maxn=50005;
int n,a[maxn],stk[maxn],len;
LL l[maxn];
int main(){
    scanf("%d",&n);
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++) scanf("%d",&a[i]);
    len=0;LL ans=0;
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++){
        while (len&&a[stk[len]]<=a[i]) ans+=l[stk[len]]*(i-stk[len])*a[stk[len]],len--;
        l[i]=i-stk[len];stk[++len]=i;
    }
    while (len) ans+=l[stk[len]]*(n-stk[len]+1)*a[stk[len]],len--;
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++){
        while (len&&a[stk[len]]>=a[i]) ans-=l[stk[len]]*(i-stk[len])*a[stk[len]],len--;
        l[i]=i-stk[len];stk[++len]=i;
    }
    while (len) ans-=l[stk[len]]*(n-stk[len]+1)*a[stk[len]],len--;
    printf("%lld",ans);
    return 0;
}