RMAN备份异机恢复（不使用克隆）

说明：相应版本oracle 11g，因为没使用克隆所以新库的db_name与dbid与原库是一样的，它只是对RMAN备份进行异机恢复

1. 备份原库 

在这里我用 0 级和 1 级备份了下 DB。

$ ls

arch_0pm6qt8q_1_1_20110309 dave_lev0_0jm6qt77_1_1_20110309 dave_lev1_0um6qtcq_

1_1_20110309

arch_0qm6qt8q_1_1_20110309 dave_lev0_0km6qt77_1_1_20110309 dave_lev1_0vm6qtcq_

1_1_20110309

arch_13m6qtda_1_1_20110309 dave_lev0_0lm6qt77_1_1_20110309 dave_lev1_11m6qtd7_

1_1_20110309

arch_14m6qtda_1_1_20110309 dave_lev0_0nm6qt7c_1_1_20110309 dave_spfile_16m6qtd

e_1_1_20110309

ctl_file_15m6qtdc_1_1_20110309 dave_lev1_0tm6qtcq_1_1_20110309

将备份 copy 到辅助库的相同位置（因为使用的是原库的控制文件，它记录着RMAN备份的元信息）

1. 新库准备工作

1）创建口令文件

$ orapwd file=?/dbs/orapwdave password=oracle

2）创建相关的目录

$ mkdir oradata

3）创建初始化参数

$ export ORACLE_SID=dave

$ rman target /

RMAN> restore spfile to pfile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initdave.ora' from '/u01/backup/dave_spfile_16m6qtde_1_1_20110309';   ---控制文件备份要手动指定

Starting restore at 11-MAR-11

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP

/u01/backup/dave_spfile_16m6qtde_1_1_20110309

channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete

Finished restore at 11-MAR-11

也可以更改下controlfile的位置（数据文件及日志文件位置不是存在pfile中而是控制文件中，所以这里改不了）：

*.control_files='/u01/oradata/control01.ctl','/u01/oradata/control02.ctl','/u01/oradata/cont

rol03.ctl'

*.db_name='dave'

4）用 spfile将新库启动到nomout状态

SQL> create spfile from pfile

SQL> startup nomount

5）恢复控制文件

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/u01/backup/ctl_file_15m6qtdc_1_1_20110309';

Starting restore at 11-MAR-11

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

output file name=/u01/oradata/control01.ctl

output file name=/u01/oradata/control02.ctl

output file name=/u01/oradata/control03.ctl

Finished restore at 11-MAR-11

restore 的时候需要控制文件，控制文件恢复的位置，是我们在 pfile 中的control_files 参数控制的

6）restore 数据库

RMAN> alter database mount;

这里演示恢复到不同目录下（如果是相同目录直接restore即可）

SQL> select file_id,file_name from dba_data_files;

FILE_ID FILE_NAME

---------- -------------------------------------------

4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/users01.dbf

3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/undotbs01.dbf

2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/sysaux01.dbf

1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/system01.dbf

SQL> select file_id,file_name from dba_temp_files;

FILE_ID FILE_NAME

---------- ------------------------------------------

1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/temp01.dbf

RMAN> run

{

set newname for datafile 1 to "/u01/oradata/system01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 2 to "/u01/oradata/sysaux01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 3 to "/u01/oradata/undotbs01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 4 to "/u01/oradata/users01.dbf";

set newname for tempfile 1 to "/u01/oradata/temp01.dbf";

restore database;

switch datafile all;

switch tempfile all;

}

executing command: SET NEWNAME

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

Starting restore at 11-MAR-11

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/oradata/undotbs01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev0_0lm6qt77_1_1_20110309

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev0_0lm6qt77_1_1_20110309 tag=DAVE_LEV0

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/oradata/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev0_0nm6qt7c_1_1_20110309

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev0_0nm6qt7c_1_1_20110309 tag=DAVE_LEV0

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/oradata/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev0_0km6qt77_1_1_20110309

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev0_0km6qt77_1_1_20110309 tag=DAVE_LEV0

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/oradata/system01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev0_0jm6qt77_1_1_20110309

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev0_0jm6qt77_1_1_20110309 tag=DAVE_LEV0

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25

Finished restore at 11-MAR-11

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=745522150 file name=/u01/oradata/system01.dbf

datafile 2 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=745522150 file name=/u01/oradata/sysaux01.dbf

datafile 3 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=745522150 file name=/u01/oradata/undotbs01.dbf

datafile 4 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=745522150 file name=/u01/oradata/users01.dbf

7）recover DB

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 11-MAR-11

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

destination for restore of datafile 00001: /u01/oradata/system01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev1_0tm6qtcq_1_1_20110309

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_0tm6qtcq_1_1_20110309 tag=DAVE_LEV1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

destination for restore of datafile 00002: /u01/oradata/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev1_0um6qtcq_1_1_20110309

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_0um6qtcq_1_1_20110309 tag=DAVE_LEV1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

destination for restore of datafile 00003: /u01/oradata/undotbs01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev1_0vm6qtcq_1_1_20110309

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_0vm6qtcq_1_1_20110309 tag=DAVE_LEV1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

destination for restore of datafile 00004: /u01/oradata/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev1_11m6qtd7_1_1_20110309

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_11m6qtd7_1_1_20110309 tag=DAVE_LEV1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

starting media recovery

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=7

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/arch_13m6qtda_1_1_20110309

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_13m6qtda_1_1_20110309 tag=ARC_BAK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_7_745352047.dbf

thread=1 sequence=7

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/arch_14m6qtda_1_1_20110309

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_14m6qtda_1_1_20110309 tag=ARC_BAK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_8_745352047.dbf

thread=1 sequence=8

unable to find archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=9

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 03/11/2011 17:32:00

RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 9 and

starting SCN of 823627

之后会报一个错误：

RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 9 and

starting SCN of 823627

这里是提醒恢复到一个未知的scn号。在alter database mount之后，通过set until scn或者set until

time 命令设置恢复到的 scn 号或时间

8）用open resetlogs打开数据库

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

这个新库的db_name及dbid为原库值

1. 处理online redo log的位置更改（如果需要）  ----这个过程是可以在mount下完成的！！

SQL> select group#,bytes/1024/1024||'M',status from v$log;

GROUP# BYTES/1024/1024||'M' STATUS

---------- ----------------------------------------- ----------------

1 50M INACTIVE

2 50M CURRENT

3 50M UNUSED

SQL> select group#,member from v$logfile;

GROUP# MEMBER

---------------------------------------------------------------------

3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/redo03.log

2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/redo02.log

1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/redo01.log

oracle 至少有 2 组 redo log。 所以我们可以将已经完成归档的 redo drop 掉， 重新创建。

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 3;

SQL> alter database add logfile group 3 ('/u01/oradata/redo03.log') size 50m;

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

SQL> select group#,bytes/1024/1024||'M',status from v$log;

GROUP# BYTES/1024/1024||'M' STATUS

---------- ----------------------------------------- ----------------

1 50M INACTIVE

2 50M ACTIVE

3 50M CURRENT

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 1;

SQL> alter database add logfile group 1 ('/u01/oradata/redo01.log') size 50m;

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 2;

SQL> alter database add logfile group 2 ('/u01/oradata/redo02.log') size 50m;

SQL> select group#,member from v$logfile;

GROUP# MEMBER

---------------------------------------------------------------------

3 /u01/oradata/redo03.log

2 /u01/oradata/redo02.log

1 /u01/oradata/redo01.log