Oracle ASM单实例静默安装+升级

6年没碰Oracle了，今天有个项目需要远程安装一套DataGuard的备库，记录安装过程。

安装步骤

• Step 1 Add Required RPMs.
• Step 2 Configure the Kernel.
• Step 3 Create directories, Add groups.
• Step 4 Create Grid & Oracle Users and give permissions.
• Step 5 Make the primary partition for added disk to use for ASM.
• Step 6 Install RPM for ASM, Configure ASM, Create ASM disks.
• Step 7 Copy grid binary on server , Unzip & Create responce file for grid. (With Grid user).
• Step 8 install grid in silent mode
• Step 9 Copy oraclebinary on server , Unzip & Create responce file for oracle. (With Oracle user)
• Step 10 install oracle in silent mode
• Step 11 Create Listener in silent mode
• Step 12 Create database
• Step 13 打补丁(grid和oracle用户)

Step 1 – Add Required RPMs.

Oracle 11.2.0.4.0 requires extra RPMs from the install media.

The following command should load all needed RPMs for 11.2.0.4.0 Grid and Database.

rpm -Uvh  binutils-2*x86_64*
rpm -Uvh  glibc-2*x86_64*
rpm -Uvh  glibc-2*i686*
rpm -Uvh  nss-softokn-freebl-3*x86_64*
rpm -Uvh  nss-softokn-freebl-3*i686*
rpm -Uvh  elfutils-libelf-0*x86_64*
rpm -Uvh  elfutils-libelf-devel-0*x86_64*
rpm -Uvh  gcc-4*x86_64*
rpm -Uvh  gcc-c++-4*x86_64*
rpm -Uvh  ksh-*x86_64*
rpm -Uvh  numactl-devel-2*x86_64*
rpm -Uvh  sysstat-9*x86_64*
rpm -Uvh  compat-libcap*
rpm -Uvh  binutils-2.*
rpm -Uvh  compat-libstdc++-33*
rpm -Uvh  elfutils-libelf-0.*
rpm -Uvh  libaio-0.*
rpm -Uvh  libaio-devel-0.*
rpm -Uvh  sysstat-9.*
rpm -Uvh  glibc-2.*
rpm -Uvh  glibc-common-2.*
rpm -Uvh  glibc-devel-2.*
rpm -Uvh  glibc-headers-2.*
rpm -Uvh  ksh-2*
rpm -Uvh  make-3.*
rpm -Uvh  libgcc-4.*
rpm -Uvh  libstdc++-4.*
rpm -Uvh  libstdc++-4.*.i686*
rpm -Uvh  libstdc++-devel-4.*
rpm -Uvh  libcap-2.16-5.2.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -Uvh  libattr-2.4.44-4.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -Uvh  libtool-ltdl*i686*
rpm -Uvh  ncurses*i686*
rpm -Uvh  readline*i686* 
rpm -Uvh  unixODBC*

Step 2 – Configure the Kernel.

The following steps modify key settings to allow Oracle to execute. We will also disable the NTP time synchronization configuration file which will confuse the Oracle installer.

(i) If you are not using DNS, the “/etc/hosts” file must contain the following information.

192.168.36.10   cqdbsvr-c1

(ii) Add or amend the following lines to the “/etc/sysctl.conf” file.

fs.aio-max-nr = 4194304
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmax = 128849018880
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 31457280
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
net.ipv4.conf.eth1.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.eth0.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0
net.core.somaxconn = 8192
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.tcp_retries2 = 5
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 1800
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 30
vm.min_free_kbytes = 2097152
vm.nr_hugepages = 20500

(iii) Run the following command to change the current kernel parameters.

/sbin/sysctl -p

(iv) Add the following lines to the “/etc/security/limits.conf” file.

oracle  soft    nproc   2047
oracle  hard    nproc   16384
oracle  soft    nofile  4096
oracle  hard    nofile  65536
oracle  soft    stack   10240

grid    soft    nproc   10240
grid    hard    nproc   16384 
grid    soft    nofile  10240 
grid    hard    nofile  65536 
grid    soft    stack   10240 

(v) Add the following lines to the “/etc/pam.d/login” file, if it does not already exist.

session    required     pam_limits.so

(vi) Make the following changes to the default shell startupfile, add the following lines to the “/etc/profile” file:

if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
    ulimit -p 16384
    ulimit -n 65536
else
    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
    umask 022
fi

(vii) Amend the “/etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf” file as described below. See MOS Remark [ID 1487773.1]

# Change this
*   soft  nproc  1024

# To this
*    -  nproc 16384

(viii) Change the setting of SELinux to permissive by editing the “/etc/selinux/config” file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.

SELINUX=disabled

(ix) If you have the Linux firewall enabled, you will need to disable or configure it, as shown here or here. The following is an example of disabling the firewall.

# service iptables stop
# chkconfig iptables off

(x) Disable the NTP configuration file

# service ntpd stop
 Shutting down ntpd:                                        [  OK  ]
# chkconfig ntpd off
# mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.orig
# rm /var/run/ntpd.pid

Step 3 - Create directories, Add groups

• For oracle user

mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_home
mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle/oraInventory

• For grid user

mkdir -p /oracle/app/grid
mkdir -p /oracle/app/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_home
mkdir -p /oracle/app/oraInventory

Step 4 - Create Grid & Oracle Users and give permissions.

groupadd -g 200 oinstall
groupadd -g 201 dba
groupadd -g 202 oper
groupadd -g 203 asmdba
groupadd -g 204 asmoper
groupadd -g 205 asmadmin

useradd -u 201 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba -d /home/grid grid
useradd -u 200 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba -d /home/oracle oracle

[root@DBA01 Packages]# passwd oracle
[root@DBA01 Packages]# passwd grid

chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/app/oracle/oraInventory
chown -R grid:oinstall /oracle/app/grid/
chown -R grid:oinstall /oracle/app/oraInventory/
chown -R grid:oinstall /oracle/app/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_home
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /oracle

• Setting for .bash_profile for grid and oracle user

修改SID

.bash_profile for Grid:

[root@host11g1 ~]# vi /home/grid/.bash_profile
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/grid; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/grid_home; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=+ASM; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH; export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

.bash_profile for oracle:

[root@host11g1 ~]# vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_home; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=cqnevastandby; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH; export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

Step 5 - Make the primary partition for added disk to use for ASM

(i) List of partition disk in my machine.

[root@cqdbsvr-c1 xx]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 899.0 GB, 898999779328 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 109297 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000a7325

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          39      307200   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              39      109298   877621248   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cqdbsvrc1-LogVol03_swap: 68.7 GB, 68719476736 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8354 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cqdbsvrc1-LogVol00_root: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cqdbsvrc1-LogVol01_home: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cqdbsvrc1-LogVol02_oracle: 85.9 GB, 85899345920 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10443 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/sdb: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdc: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdd: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sde: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdf: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdg: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdh: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdi: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdj: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdk: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdl: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdm: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdo: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdn: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdp: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/sdq: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/mapper/mpathb: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 32768 bytes / 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x14f9054c

             Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Step 6 - Install RPM for ASM, Configure ASM, Create ASM disks

• create a udev rules file for raw devices

[root@cqdbsvr-1 ~]# less /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracleasm.rules 
ENV{DM_NAME}=="mpath[b]", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

[root@cqdbsvr-c1 ~]# start_udev
正在启动 udev：      [确定]

Step 7 - Copy grid binary on server , Unzip & Create response file for grid. (With Grid user)

grid_install.rsp:

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_crsinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=cqdbsvr-c1
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/oracle/app/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en
oracle.install.option=HA_CONFIG
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/grid
ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_home
oracle.install.asm.OSDBA=asmdba
oracle.install.asm.OSOPER=asmoper
oracle.install.asm.OSASM=asmadmin
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanName=
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanPort=
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterName=
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configureGNS=false
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsSubDomain=
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsVIPAddress=
oracle.install.crs.config.autoConfigureClusterNodeVIP=
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterNodes=
oracle.install.crs.config.storageOption=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.diskDriveMapping=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.votingDiskLocations=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.votingDiskRedundancy=NORMAL
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.ocrLocations=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.ocrRedundancy=NORMA