数字信号处理的特点及应用介绍
About this course
Textbook: Digital Signal Processing–A Computer-Based Approach(fourth edition) sanjit K. Mitra 2012.08
Simulation Tool: Matlab
What is DSP
DSP可理解为Digital Signal Processing和Digital Signal Processor。两者区别为:
Digital Signal Processing | Digital Signal Processor |
---|---|
mainly study theory, method, algorithm of digital signal processing | A kind of microprocessor used to implement digital signal processing algorithm |
这门课用DSP指代前者。而我们用ASP代表模拟信号处理。
举例
下图便为一个对模拟信号进行数字处理的例子:
左端输入信号为:
经过S/H电路( 采样保持电路,其通常加在ADC电路前,作用是以保证A/D转换时的精度)进行2微妙的采样处理后再经过A/D(模拟转数字电路)电路后信号被数值化(可以理解为变成了阶梯型的信号),输出信号x[n]为:
将信号进行编码(具体方式可以不用在意太多,知道有这么个方式就好了)后,可得:
以二进制表示的话,则为:
通过DSP处理芯片,输出信号的编码为:
也为:
故输出信号图形y[n]为:
再通过D/A(数字转模拟电路)电路和LPF(低通滤波器)后得到的模拟信号为:
以上便是将一个模拟信号转换成另外一个模拟信号的过程,转换方式使用了DSP。那么为什么要选择DSP,而不是ASP呢?
Why DSP
Advantage to ASP:
1.more reliable less sensitive to tolerances such as temperature, noise, etc.;
2.higher accurate ;
3.can be integrated on a single chip;
Limit:
A/D D/A rates are not enough available in some applications.
Advantage of DSP:
1)Programmability: Modify software instead of hardware
2)Precision: ADC bits, CPU word width is controllable
3)Stability: No variation with environmental factor throughout guaranteed operation range.