VS中创建MFC界面人脸识别门禁系统（人脸识别+串口通讯+单片机STM32F407）

首先来说要做这个门禁系统，必须拥有三大功能板块儿，一是软件部分，也就是MFC界面要实现的功能进行人脸识别、人脸采集、并且录入人的相关信息；二是硬件部分，需要实现人脸识别成功之后开锁，人脸识别失败之后不能开锁的功能；三是通信方式，这里选择的是串口通讯，满足电脑PC通过数据线与STM32F407通讯。

接下来呢，我也会按照三个大功能给大家介绍（并且附带相关代码）

一、软件部分（MFC界面）

这部分内容软件系统能实现人脸部分即可，那其中包括打开摄像头、定时器、关闭摄像头、输入姓名学号的人脸采集、人脸识别、清除图片的功能。实现这些功能是在VS2013的开发平台下实现的，并且用到了OpenCV库框架。如下：

主程序也就是我MFC界面程序如下：（VideoMFCDlg.cpp)

// VideoMFCDlg.cpp : implementation file
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "VideoMFC.h"
#include "VideoMFCDlg.h"
#include "afxdialogex.h"

#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#endif


CvCapture* capture;
CRect rect;
CDC *pDC;
HDC hDC;
CWnd *pwnd;
CvVideoWriter* writer = 0;
IplImage *resizeRes;//存放检测到的人脸
IplImage* faceGray;//存放检测到的人脸 灰度图像
bool bool_cameOpen = false;//全局变量 标志摄像头是否打开
bool bool_picNum = false;//全局变量 标志训练图片是否为空
bool bool_detec_reco = false;//全局变量 
double dConfidence = 0;//置信度
int predictedLabel = 100000;

CvMemStorage* storage = 0;
CvHaarClassifierCascade* cascade = 0;
CvHaarClassifierCascade* nested_cascade = 0;
int use_nested_cascade = 0;
const char* cascade_name =
    "../data/haarcascades/haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml";
const char* nested_cascade_name =
    "../data/haarcascade_eye_tree_eyeglasses.xml";
double scale = 1;
int num_components = 9;
double facethreshold = 9.0;
//cv::Ptr<cv::FaceRecognizer> model = cv::createFisherFaceRecognizer();
cv::Ptr<cv::FaceRecognizer> model = cv::createLBPHFaceRecognizer();//LBP的这个方法在单个人脸验证方面效果最好
//cv::Ptr<cv::FaceRecognizer> model = cv::createEigenFaceRecognizer();
vector<Mat> images;
vector<int> labels;

IplImage *frame, *frame_copy = 0;
IplImage *image = 0;
const char* scale_opt = "--scale="; // 分类器选项指示符号 
int scale_opt_len = (int)strlen(scale_opt);
const char* cascade_opt = "--cascade=";
int cascade_opt_len = (int)strlen(cascade_opt);
const char* nested_cascade_opt = "--nested-cascade";
int nested_cascade_opt_len = (int)strlen(nested_cascade_opt);
int i;
const char* input_name = 0;

// CAboutDlg dialog used for App About
CString strConfidence = "70";
CString str_name;
CString str_number;
CEdit* pEdtConfidence;
CEdit* pEdtname;
CEdit* pEdtnumber;
CString strTip = "";
CEdit* pTip;

class CAboutDlg : public CDialogEx
{
public:
	CAboutDlg();

// Dialog Data
	enum { IDD = IDD_ABOUTBOX };

	protected:
	virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);    // DDX/DDV support

// Implementation
protected:
	DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};

CAboutDlg::CAboutDlg() : CDialogEx(CAboutDlg::IDD)
{
}

void CAboutDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
{
	CDialogEx::DoDataExchange(pDX);
}

BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CAboutDlg, CDialogEx)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()


// CVideoMFCDlg dialog




CVideoMFCDlg::CVideoMFCDlg(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/)
	: CDialogEx(CVideoMFCDlg::IDD, pParent)
{
	m_hIcon = AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDR_MAINFRAME);
}

void CVideoMFCDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
{
	CDialogEx::DoDataExchange(pDX);
}

BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CVideoMFCDlg, CDialogEx)
	ON_WM_SYSCOMMAND()
	ON_WM_PAINT()
	ON_WM_QUERYDRAGICON()
	ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON1, &CVideoMFCDlg::OnBnClickedButton1)
	ON_WM_TIMER()
	ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON2, &CVideoMFCDlg::OnBnClickedButton2)
	ON_WM_CLOSE()
	ON_EN_CHANGE(IDC_EdtConfidence, &CVideoMFCDlg::OnEnChangeEdtconfidence)
	ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_Photograph, &CVideoMFCDlg::OnBnClickedPhotograph)
	ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_Recognize, &CVideoMFCDlg::OnBnClickedRecognize)
	ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_ClearPictures, &CVideoMFCDlg::OnBnClickedClearpictures)
	ON_EN_CHANGE(IDC_EdtConfidence2, &CVideoMFCDlg::OnEnChangeEdtconfidence2)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()


// CVideoMFCDlg message handlers
BOOL CVideoMFCDlg::OnDestroy()
{
	cvReleaseImage( &resizeRes );
	cvReleaseImage( &faceGray );
	return TRUE; 
}
BOOL CVideoMFCDlg::OnInitDialog()
{
	CDialogEx::OnInitDialog();

	// Add "About..." menu item to system menu.

	// IDM_ABOUTBOX must be in the system command range.
	ASSERT((IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX);
	ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX < 0xF000);

	CMenu* pSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
	if (pSysMenu != NULL)
	{
		BOOL bNameValid;
		CString strAboutMenu;
		bNameValid = strAboutMenu.LoadString(IDS_ABOUTBOX);
		ASSERT(bNameValid);
		if (!strAboutMenu.IsEmpty())
		{
			pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);
			pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);
		}
	}

	
	// Set the icon for this dialog.  The framework does this automatically
	//  when the application's main window is not a dialog
	SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);			// Set big icon
	SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);		// Set small icon

	// TODO: Add extra initialization here
	pwnd = GetDlgItem(IDC_ShowImage);
	//pwnd->MoveWindow(35,30,352,288);
    pDC =pwnd->GetDC();
	//pDC =GetDC();
    hDC= pDC->GetSafeHdc();
	pwnd->GetClientRect(&rect);

	GetDlgItem(IDC_BUTTON2)->EnableWindow(false);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_Photograph)->EnableWindow(false);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_Recognize)->EnableWindow(false);
	pEdtConfidence = (CEdit*) GetDlgItem(IDC_EdtConfidence);
	pEdtname = (CEdit*) GetDlgItem(IDC_EdtConfidence2);
	pEdtnumber = (CEdit*) GetDlgItem(IDC_EdtConfidence3);
	pTip = (CEdit*) GetDlgItem(IDC_Tip);
	pEdtConfidence->SetWindowText("70");
	pEdtConfidence->GetWindowText(strConfidence);
	pEdtname->GetWindowText(str_name);
	pEdtnumber->GetWindowText(str_number);
	pTip->SetWindowText( strTip );
	if(read_img_number()>0)
		bool_picNum = true;
	else
		bool_picNum = false;
	return TRUE;  // return TRUE  unless you set the focus to a control
}

void CVideoMFCDlg::OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam)
{
	if ((nID & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX)
	{
		CAboutDlg dlgAbout;
		dlgAbout.DoModal();
	}
	else
	{
		CDialogEx::OnSysCommand(nID, lParam);
	}
}

// If you add a minimize button to your dialog, you will need the code below
//  to draw the icon.  For MFC applications using the document/view model,
//  this is automatically done for you by the framework.

void CVideoMFCDlg::OnPaint()
{
	if (IsIconic())
	{
		CPaintDC dc(this); // device context for painting

		SendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND, reinterpret_cast<WPARAM>(dc.GetSafeHdc()), 0);

		// Center icon in client rectangle
		int cxIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);
		int cyIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);
		CRect rect;
		GetClientRect(&rect);
		int x = (rect.Width() - cxIcon + 1) / 2;
		int y = (rect.Height() - cyIcon + 1) / 2;

		// Draw the icon
		dc.DrawIcon(x, y, m_hIcon);
	}
	else
	{
		CDialogEx::OnPaint();
	}
}

// The system calls this function to obtain the cursor to display while the user drags
//  the minimized window.
HCURSOR CVideoMFCDlg::OnQueryDragIcon()
{
	return static_cast<HCURSOR>(m_hIcon);
}


/*****************************************打开摄像头*******************************************/
void CVideoMFCDlg::OnBnClickedButton1()
{
	// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here
	//AfxMessageBox("OK");
	if(!capture)
	{
		capture = cvCaptureFromCAM(0);
		//AfxMessageBox("OK");
	}

	if (!capture)
	{
		AfxMessageBox("无法打开摄像头");
		return;
	}
	//writer=cvCreateVideoWriter("MyVideo.avi",CV_FOURCC('x','v','I','D'),25,cvSize(640,480));
	// 测试
	IplImage* m_Frame;
	m_Frame=cvQueryFrame(capture);
	CvvImage m_CvvImage;
	m_CvvImage.CopyOf(m_Frame,1);	
	if (true)
	{
		m_CvvImage.DrawToHDC(hDC, &rect);
		//cvWaitKey(10);
	}

	// 设置计时器,每10ms触发一次事件
	SetTimer(1,10,NULL);

	
	cascade = (CvHaarClassifierCascade*)cvLoad( cascade_name, 0, 0, 0 ); // 加载分类器 
    if( !cascade ) 
    {
        MessageBox("无法加载分类器文件，请确认！");
    }
    storage = cvCreateMemStorage(0); // 创建内存存储器 
    
    //if( !input_name || (isdigit(input_name[0]) && input_name[1] == '\0') ) // 判断输入