为了更好的存取应用程序的大文件数据,应用程序需要读、写SD卡上的文件。SD卡大大扩充了手机的存储能力。
进行SD卡的操作步骤如下:
1.调用Environment 的getExternalStorageState()方法判断手机是否有可用的SD卡,并且应用具有对SD卡读写权限,
//手机已插入SD卡,且应用程序具有读写SD卡的能力,下面语句则返回true
boolean hasSDcard = Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED);
androidManifest.xml文件添加相关权限
<!-- 在SD卡中创建与删除文件权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>
<!-- 向SD卡写入数据权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
2.调用Environment 的getExternalStorageDirectory()方法来获取外部存储器,也就是SD卡的目录;
File SDcardDir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
3.使用FileInputStream、FileOutputStream、FileReader或者FileWriter读写SD卡里的文件。
Demo如下,可以对SD卡上的文件进行读写操作。
package com.example.sdcard;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static final String FILE_NAME = "/sky_brian";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
// 获取两个按钮
Button write = (Button) findViewById(R.id.write);
Button read = (Button) findViewById(R.id.read);
// 获取两个输入框
final EditText editText1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);
final EditText editText2 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText2);
// 为write 按钮绑定监听器
write.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
// 将editText1中的内容写入文件中
write(editText1.getText().toString());
editText1.setText("");
}
});
read.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
// 读取制定文件中的内容,并显示出来
editText2.setText(read());
}
});
}
//读取SD卡对应文件的内容
private String read(){
if(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){
//获取SD卡对应的存储目录
File sdCardDir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
//获取制定文件对应的输入流
try {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(sdCardDir.getCanonicalPath()+FILE_NAME);
//将制定输入流包装秤BufferedReader
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis));
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("");
String line = null;
while((line = br.readLine()) != null){
sb.append(line);
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return null;
}
//数据写入SD卡对应的文件中
private void write(String content){
try {
if(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){
File sdCardDir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
File targetFile = new File(sdCardDir.getCanonicalPath()+FILE_NAME);
RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(targetFile,"rw");
raf.seek(targetFile.length());// 将文件记录指针移动到最后
raf.write(content.getBytes());
raf.close();
}
}catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}