Service Intent must be explicit: Intent { act=com.example.evalee.aidl }

今天在复习Service和AIDL的时候发现一个以前一直在用的一种启动服务的方式，今天竟然不行了。

我原来的做法是现在AndroidManifest.xml中定义Service.

        <service
            android:name=".aidlService"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.example.evalee.aidl"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </service>

因为是学习的AIDL，在客户端中绑定了Service，用的是之前习惯的做法。通过设置Action，启动服务。

        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setAction("com.example.evalee.aidl");
        bindService(intent,conn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

结果就报错了。

/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.example.evalee.aidlclient, PID: 9530
    java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example.evalee.aidlclient/com.example.evalee.aidlclient.AidlClient}: 
    java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Service Intent must be explicit: Intent { act=com.example.evalee.aidl }
    at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2416)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2476)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(ActivityThread.java)
    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1344)
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:148)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5422)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:726)
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:616)

原来在Android5.0之后，Service的Intent必须是要显性声明，，据说这是为了防止多个Service用同样的intent-filter的情况。

这里有两种方法可供参考。

1. 直接声明是那个服务类

new intent(MainActivity.this,MyService.class);

2.这个好像是官方给出的解决方法，可以把隐形调用转变为显性调用。

定义一个函数

    /***
     * Android L (lollipop, API 21) introduced a new problem when trying to invoke implicit intent,
     * "java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Service Intent must be explicit"
     *
     * If you are using an implicit intent, and know only 1 target would answer this intent,
     * This method will help you turn the implicit intent into the explicit form.
     *
     * Inspired from SO answer: http://stackoverflow.com/a/26318757/1446466
     * @param context
     * @param implicitIntent - The original implicit intent
     * @return Explicit Intent created from the implicit original intent
     */
    public static Intent createExplicitFromImplicitIntent(Context context, Intent implicitIntent) {
        // Retrieve all services that can match the given intent
        PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();
        List<ResolveInfo> resolveInfo = pm.queryIntentServices(implicitIntent, 0);

        // Make sure only one match was found
        if (resolveInfo == null || resolveInfo.size() != 1) {
            return null;
        }

        // Get component info and create ComponentName
        ResolveInfo serviceInfo = resolveInfo.get(0);
        String packageName = serviceInfo.serviceInfo.packageName;
        String className = serviceInfo.serviceInfo.name;
        ComponentName component = new ComponentName(packageName, className);

        // Create a new intent. Use the old one for extras and such reuse
        Intent explicitIntent = new Intent(implicitIntent);

        // Set the component to be explicit
        explicitIntent.setComponent(component);

        return explicitIntent;
    }

再将隐形调用转为显性调用的时候调用这个方法。

 Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setAction("com.example.evalee.aidl");
        final Intent eintent = new Intent(createExplicitFromImplicitIntent(this,intent));
        bindService(eintent,conn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

踏踏踏踏，完事。