设计模式之单例模式的七种方式

单例模式的七种方式

一、饿汉模式

• 优点
• 缺点

package com.zero.singleton;
/**
 * 饿汉模式
 * @author Zero
 */
public class HungryModel {
    public static final HungryModel instance = new HungryModel();
    //私有化
    private HungryModel() {}

    public static HungryModel getInstance() {
        return instance;
    }

}

二、懒汉模式

• 优点
• 缺点

package com.zero.singleton;

/**
 * 懒汉模式（非线程安全）
 * @author Zero
 */
public class LazyModel {
    private static LazyModel instance;

    private LazyModel() {}

    public static LazyModel getInstance() {
        if(instance == null) {
            instance = new LazyModel();
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

三、懒汉+同步

• 优点
• 缺点

package com.zero.singleton;

/**
 * 懒汉模式（线程安全）
 * @author Zero
 */
public class SafeLazyModel {
    private static SafeLazyModel instance;
    private SafeLazyModel() {}
    public static synchronized SafeLazyModel getInstance() {
        if(instance == null) {
            instance = new SafeLazyModel();
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

四、DCL

• 优点
• 缺点

package com.zero.singleton;

/**
 * 双重检查模式（DCL）
 * @author Zero
 */
public class DCLModel {
    private static DCLModel instance;
    private DCLModel() {}
    public static DCLModel getInstance() {
        if(instance == null) {
            synchronized (DCLModel.class) {
                if(instance == null) {
                    instance = new DCLModel();
                }
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

五、Volatile+DCL

• 优点
• 缺点

package com.zero.singleton;

/**
 * 双重检查模式（DCL+volatile）
 * @author Zero
 */
public class DCLModel2 {
    private volatile static DCLModel2 instance;
    private DCLModel2() {}
    public static DCLModel2 getInstance() {
        if(instance == null) {
            synchronized (DCLModel2.class) {
                if(instance == null) {
                    instance = new DCLModel2();
                }
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

六、Holder

• 优点
• 缺点

package com.zero.singleton;

/**
 * Holder模式
 * @author Zero
 */
public class HolderModel {
    private HolderModel() {}
    private static class Holder{
        private static HolderModel instance = new HolderModel();
    }
    public static HolderModel getInstance() {
        return Holder.instance;
    }
}

七、枚举

• 优点
• 缺点

package com.zero.singleton;

/**
 * 枚举模式
 * @author Zero
 */
public class EnumModel {
    private EnumModel() {}
    private enum EnumModelHolder {
        INSTANCE;
        private EnumModel instance = null;
        EnumModelHolder() {
            this.instance = new EnumModel();
        }

        private EnumModel getInstance() {
            return instance;
        }
    }
    public static EnumModel getInstance() {
        return EnumModelHolder.INSTANCE.instance;
    }

}