Replace Type Code with Subclasses（以子类取代类型码）

有一个不可变的类型码，它会影响类的行为

public class Employee {
	static final int ENGINNER = 0;
	static final int SALESMAN = 1;
	static final int MANAGER = 2;
	
	private int type;
	
	public Employee(int type) {
		this.type = type;
	}
	
	public int getType() {
		return type;
	}
}

重构：以子类取代类型码

public class Employee {
	static final int ENGINNER = 0;
	static final int SALESMAN = 1;
	static final int MANAGER = 2;
	
	private int type;
	
	public Employee(int type) {
		this.type = type;
	}
	
	public static Employee create(int type) {
		switch(type) {
			case ENGINNER: return new Engineer();
			case SALESMAN: return new Salesman();
			case MANAGER: return new Manager();
			default:
				throw new IllegalArgumentException("Incorrect type code value.");
		}
	}
	
	public abstract int getType();
}


public class Engineer extends Employee {
	public int getType() {
		return Employee.ENGINNER;
	}
}