解决PKIX：unable to find valid certification path to requested target 的问题

最近在华为云服务器上，访问微信支付，生成支付二维码，出现如下异常：

Caused by: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderExcept 
ion: unable to find valid certification path to requested target 
        at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:397) 
        at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.engineValidate(PKIXValidator.java:302) 
        at sun.security.validator.Validator.validate(Validator.java:260)
        at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.validate(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:324)ntextContainer  
        at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:229) 
        at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:124) ntextUtil      
        at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:1596) 
        ... 182 common frames omittedntextContainer  
Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target 
        at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.build(SunCertPathBuilder.java:141)ceptor          
        at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild(SunCertPathBuilder.java:126)rder0_.F_BIZSTA 
        at java.security.cert.CertPathBuilder.build(CertPathBuilder.java:280)rder0_.S_MODIFI 
        at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:392) ISCOUNT as DIS 
        ... 188 common frames omitted

问题的根本是：

缺少安全证书时出现的异常。

解决问题方法：

将你要访问的url（如：api.mch.weixin.qq.com）的安全认证证书导入到客户端即可。

以下是获取安全证书的一种方法，通过以下程序获取安全证书：

/*
 * Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 *   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *   - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its
 *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
 * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
 
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
 
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
 
public class InstallCert {
 
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		String host;
		int port;
		char[] passphrase;
		if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {
			String[] c = args[0].split(":");
			host = c[0];
			port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);
			String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];
			passphrase = p.toCharArray();
		} else {
			System.out
					.println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");
			return;
		}
 
		File file = new File("jssecacerts");
		if (file.isFile() == false) {
			char SEP = File.separatorChar;
			File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP + "lib"
					+ SEP + "security");
			file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");
			if (file.isFile() == false) {
				file = new File(dir, "cacerts");
			}
		}
		System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");
		InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
		KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
		ks.load(in, passphrase);
		in.close();
 
		SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
		TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory
				.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
		tmf.init(ks);
		X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf
				.getTrustManagers()[0];
		SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
		context.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
		SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();
 
		System.out
				.println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");
		SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);
		socket.setSoTimeout(10000);
		try {
			System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");
			socket.startHandshake();
			socket.close();
			System.out.println();
			System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");
		} catch (SSLException e) {
			System.out.println();
			e.printStackTrace(System.out);
		}
 
		X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
		if (chain == null) {
			System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");
			return;
		}
 
		BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
				System.in));
 
		System.out.println();
		System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");
		System.out.println();
		MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
		MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
		for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {
			X509Certificate cert = chain[i];
			System.out.println(" " + (i + 1) + " Subject "
					+ cert.getSubjectDN());
			System.out.println("   Issuer  " + cert.getIssuerDN());
			sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());
			System.out.println("   sha1    " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));
			md5.update(cert.getEncoded());
			System.out.println("   md5     " + toHexString(md5.digest()));
			System.out.println();
		}
 
		System.out
				.println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");
		String line = reader.readLine().trim();
		int k;
		try {
			k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;
		} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
			System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");
			return;
		}
 
		X509Certificate cert = chain[k];
		String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);
		ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);
 
		OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");
		ks.store(out, passphrase);
		out.close();
 
		System.out.println();
		System.out.println(cert);
		System.out.println();
		System.out
				.println("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '"
						+ alias + "'");
	}
 
	private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();
 
	private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);
		for (int b : bytes) {
			b &= 0xff;
			sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);
			sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);
			sb.append(' ');
		}
		return sb.toString();
	}
 
	private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
 
		private final X509TrustManager tm;
		private X509Certificate[] chain;
 
		SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {
			this.tm = tm;
		}
 
		public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
			throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
		}
 
		public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
				throws CertificateException {
			throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
		}
 
		public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
				throws CertificateException {
			this.chain = chain;
			tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
		}
	}
 
}

编译InstallCert.java，然后执行：java InstallCert hostname，比如：
java InstallCert www.twitter.com
会看到如下信息：

 

输入1，回车，然后会在当前的目录下产生一个名为“ ssecacerts”的证书。

A、将证书拷贝到$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security目录下，

B、或者通过以下方式：
System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStore", "你的jssecacerts证书路径");

注意：因为是静态加载，所以要重新启动你的服务器，证书才能生效。