IO

IO体系

抽象基类	节点流（文件流）	缓存流
InputStream	FileInputStream	BufferedInputStream
OutputStream	FileOutputStream	BufferedOutputStream
Reader	FileReader	BufferedReader
Writer	FileWriter	BufferedWriter

在IO里有一个很重要的类：File类（涉及创建 删除 重命名等 对文件内容操作要用到流）

FileInputStream

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
		//创建file对象
		File file=new File("hello.txt");
		FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(file);
		
		//对file文件读取
		//int b=fis.read();//读取文件中的一个字节 读取到末尾是返回-1
		byte[] b=new byte[5];
		int len;//每次读入到byte中的字节长度
		while((len=fis.read(b))!=-1){
			System.out.println(new String(b,0,len));
		}
		
	}

FileOutStream

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
		File file=new File("hello.txt");
		FileOutputStream fos=null;
		try{
			fos=new FileOutputStream(file);
			fos.write(new String("I Love").getBytes());
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			if(fos!=null){
				fos.close();
			}
		}
	}

读写一体：这个方法复制文本效率很低 但是可以复制非文本字节流 如视频文件 音频 图片等

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
		File file1=new File("hello1.txt");
		File file2=new File("hello2.txt");
		FileInputStream fis=null;
		FileOutputStream fos=null;
		try{
			fis=new FileInputStream(file1);
			fos=new FileOutputStream(file2);
			byte[]b=new byte[1024];
			int len;
			while((len=fis.read(b))!=-1){
				fos.write(b,0,len);
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			fis.close();
			fos.close();
		}

FileReader 和FileWriter  下面的不能实现非文本的复制

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
		FileReader fr=null;
		FileWriter fw=null;
		try{
			File src=new File("hello1.txt");
			File des=new File("hello2.txt");
			fr=new FileReader(src);
			fw=new FileWriter(des);
			char[] c=new char[1024];//注意是char不是byte
			int len;
			while((len=fr.read(c))!=-1){
				fw.write(c, 0, len);
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			throw new RuntimeException("失败");
		}finally{
			fw.close();
			fr.close();
		}
	}

缓冲流

BufferedInputStream 和BufferedOutPutStream 实现非文本复制

BufferReader 比FileReader 多了一个readerline() 读取一行

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
		BufferedInputStream bis=null;
		BufferedOutputStream bos=null;
		try{
			File src=new File("1.jpg");
			File des=new File("2.jpg");
			//创建节点流
			FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(src);
			FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream(des);
			//将节点流作为参数传给缓存流
			 bis=new BufferedInputStream(fis);
			 bos=new BufferedOutputStream(fos);
			byte[] c=new byte[1024];
			int len;
			while((len=bis.read(c))!=-1){
				bos.write(c, 0, len);
				bos.flush();//刷新
				//这两步可以用PrintWriter中的方法代替掉
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			throw new RuntimeException("失败");
		}finally{
			bos.close();
			bis.close();
		}
	}

标准输入输出流 System.in   System.out  从键盘输入输出

如：InputStream is=System.in;

转化流（字节流和字符流转化）

解码：字节数组-->字符串

编码： 字符串-->字节数组

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
		InputStream reader=null;
		OutputStream wirter=null;
		try{
			//解码
			File src=new File("1.txt");
			FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(src);
			InputStreamReader isr=new InputStreamReader(fis,"GBK");//编码
			BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr);
			//编码
			File des=new File("2.txt");
			FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream(src);
			OutputStreamWriter osr=new OutputStreamWriter(fos,"GBK");//编码
			BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(osr);
			String str;
			while((str=br.readLine())!=null){
				bw.write(str);
				bw.newLine();
				bw.flush();
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			throw new RuntimeException("失败");
		}finally{
			reader.close();
			wirter.close();
		}
	}

File类的一些API

String getName();//获取文件名
File getAbsoluteFile() //turns the absolute form of this abstract pathname.
boolean mkdir()Creates the directory named by this abstract pathname.
boolean mkdirs()//Creates the directory named by this abstract pathname, including any necessary but nonexistent parent directories.
String[] list() //Returns an array of strings naming the files and directories in the directory denoted by this abstract pathname. 
File[] listFiles()//Returns an array of abstract pathnames denoting the files in the directory denoted by this abstract pathname.
boolean renameTo(File dest)//Renames the file denoted by this abstract pathname.
boolean delete()//Deletes the file or directory denoted by this abstract pathname...............................