设计模式——命令模式

命令模式：

将请求封装成对象，从而使用不同的请求、队列以及日志来参数化其他对象。命令对象支持可撤销的操作。命令对象将动作和接收者包进对象中。实现“行为请求者”与“行为实现者”解耦。

要点： 命令对象中动作和接收者被绑在一起，控制器调用命令对象的execute方法。

应用： 线程池、队列请求、日志请求。

类图：

以下程序模拟一个控制器对客厅的灯和车库的门进行控制。


1.定义灯

package net.dp.command.simpleremote;
 
public class Light {
 
    public Light() {
    }
 
    public void on() {
        System.out.println("Light is on");
    }
 
    public void off() {
        System.out.println("Light is off");
    }
}

2.定义车库的门

package net.dp.command.simpleremote;
 
public class GarageDoor {
 
    public GarageDoor() {
    }
 
    public void up() {
        System.out.println("Garage Door is Open");
    }
 
    public void down() {
        System.out.println("Garage Door is Closed");
    }
 
    public void stop() {
        System.out.println("Garage Door is Stopped");
    }
 
    public void lightOn() {
        System.out.println("Garage light is on");
    }
 
    public void lightOff() {
        System.out.println("Garage light is off");
    }
}

3.定义命令接口

package net.dp.command.simpleremote;
 
public interface Command {
    public void execute();
}

4.实现命令接口

package net.dp.command.simpleremote;
 
public class LightOnCommand implements Command {
    Light light;
   
    public LightOnCommand(Light light) {
        this.light = light;
    }
  
    public void execute() {
        light.on();
    }
}

package net.dp.command.simpleremote;
 
public class LightOffCommand implements Command {
    Light light;
  
    public LightOffCommand(Light light) {
        this.light = light;
    }
  
    public void execute() {
        light.off();
    }
}

package net.dp.command.simpleremote;
 
public class GarageDoorOpenCommand implements Command {
    GarageDoor garageDoor;
 
    public GarageDoorOpenCommand(GarageDoor garageDoor) {
        this.garageDoor = garageDoor;
    }
 
    public void execute() {
        garageDoor.up();
    }
}

5.编写控制器，实现命令的调用

package net.dp.command.simpleremote;
 
//
// This is the invoker
//
public class SimpleRemoteControl {
    Command slot;
  
    public SimpleRemoteControl() {}
  
    public void setCommand(Command command) {
        slot = command;
    }
  
    public void buttonWasPressed() {
        slot.execute();
    }
}

6.写完啦！！

package net.dp.command.simpleremote;
 
public class RemoteControlTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SimpleRemoteControl remote = new SimpleRemoteControl();
        Light light = new Light();
        GarageDoor garageDoor = new GarageDoor();
        LightOnCommand lightOn = new LightOnCommand(light);
        GarageDoorOpenCommand garageOpen = new GarageDoorOpenCommand(garageDoor);
 
        remote.setCommand(lightOn);
        remote.buttonWasPressed();
        remote.setCommand(garageOpen);
        remote.buttonWasPressed();
    }
}