- 原文链接: http://www.joyhwong.com/2016/11/19/并发设计模式之guarded-suspension模式/
Guarded Suspension意为保护暂停,其核心思想是仅当服务进程准备好时,才提供服务。设想一种场景,服务器可能会在很短时间内承受大量的客户端请求,客户端请求的数量可能超过服务器本身的即时处理能力,而服务端程序又不能丢弃任何一个客户请求。此时,最佳的处理方案莫过于让客户端要求进行排队,由服务端程序一个接一个处理。这样,既保证了所有的客户端请求均不丢失,同时也避免了服务器由于同时处理太多的请求而崩溃
1.Guarded Suspension模式的结构
Guarded Suspension模式的主要成员有:Request、RequestQueue、ClientThread、 ServerThread
- Request:表示客户端请求
- RequestQueue:用于保存客户端请求队列
- ClientThread:客户端进程
- ServerThread:服务器进程
其中,ClientThread负责不断发起请求,并将请求对象放入请求队列。ServerThread则根据其自身的状态,在有能力处理请求时,从RequestQueue中提取请求对象加以处理。系统的工作流程如图
从流程图中可以看到,客户端的请求数量超过了服务线程的能力。在频繁的客户端请求中,RequestQueue充当了中间缓存,存放未处理的请求,保证了客户请求不丢失,同时也保护了服务线程不会受到大量并发的请求,而导致计算机资源不足
2. Guarded Suspension模式的简单实现
Request类封装了请求的内容
package com.joyhwong;
public class Request {
private String name;
public Request(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "[ Request "+ name + " ]";
}
}
RequestQueue对象作为Request的集合,维护系统的Request请求列表
package com.joyhwong;
import java.util.LinkedList;
public class RequestQueue {
private LinkedList<Request> queue = new LinkedList<>();
public synchronized Request getRequest() {
while (queue.size() == 0) {
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return queue.removeFirst();
}
public synchronized void addRequest(Request request) {
queue.add(request);
notifyAll();
}
}
服务端进程用于处理用户的请求操作,代码实现如下
package com.joyhwong;
public class ServerThread extends Thread {
private RequestQueue requestQueue;
public ServerThread(RequestQueue requestQueue, String name) {
super(name);
this.requestQueue = requestQueue;
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
final Request request = requestQueue.getRequest();
try {
Thread.sleep(100);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " handles " + request);
}
}
}
客户端的请求发起进程代码实现如下
package com.joyhwong;
public class ClientThread extends Thread {
private RequestQueue requestQueue;
public ClientThread(RequestQueue requestQueue, String name) {
super(name);
this.requestQueue = requestQueue;
}
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
Request request = new Request("RequestID: " + i + " Thread_Name: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " requests " + request);
requestQueue.addRequest(request);
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("ClientThread Name is: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "request end");
}
}
主函数如下
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
RequestQueue requestQueue = new RequestQueue();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
new ServerThread(requestQueue, "ServerThread" + i).start();
}
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
new ClientThread(requestQueue, "ClientThread" + i).start();
}
}
}