一 gevent模块
Gevent是一个第三方库,可以轻松通过gevent实现并发同步或异步编程。在gevent中用到的主要模式是Greenlet,它是以C扩展模块形式接入Python的轻量级协程。Greenlet 全部运行在主程序操作系统进程的内部,但它们被协作式地调度。
# 用法
g1
=
gevent.spawn(func,
1
,
2
,
3
,x
=
4
,y
=
5
)创建一个协程对象g1,spawn括号内第一个参数是函数名,如eat,后面可以有多个参数,可以是位置实参或关键字实参,都是传给函数eat的
g2
=
gevent.spawn(func2)
g1.join()
# 等待g1结束
g2.join()
# 等待g2结束
# 或者上述两步合作一步:gevent.joinall([g1,g2])
g1.value
# 拿到func1的返回值
遇到IO阻塞时会自动切换任务
import
gevent
def
eat(name):
print
(
'%s eat 1'
%
name)
gevent.sleep(
2
)
print
(
'%s eat 2'
%
name)
def
play(name):
print
(
'%s play 1'
%
name)
gevent.sleep(
1
)
print
(
'%s play 2'
%
name)
g1
=
gevent.spawn(eat,
'mike'
)
g2
=
gevent.spawn(play,
'mike'
)
g1.join()
g2.join()
print
(
'主'
)
上例gevent.sleep(2)模拟的是gevent可以识别的io阻塞
而time.sleep(2)或其它的阻塞,gevent是不能直接识别的需要用下面一行代码,打补丁,就可以识别了
from gevent import monkey;monkey.patch_all()必须放到被打补丁者的前面,如time,socket模块之前
或者我们干脆记忆成:要用gevent,需要将from gevent import monkey;monkey.patch_all()放到文件的开头
from
gevent
import
monkey;monkey.patch_all()
import
gevent
import
time
def
eat(name):
print
(
'%s eat 1'
%
name)
time.sleep(
2
)
print
(
'%s eat 2'
%
name)
def
play(name):
print
(
'%s play 1'
%
name)
time.sleep(
1
)
print
(
'%s play 2'
%
name)
g1
=
gevent.spawn(eat,
'mike'
)
g2
=
gevent.spawn(play,
'mike'
)
g1.join()
g2.join()
print
(
'主'
)
我们可以用threading.current_thread().getName()来查看每个g1和g2,查看的结果为DummyThread-n,即假线程
二 练习
服务端
from
gevent
import
monkey;monkey.patch_all()
from
socket
import
*
import
gevent
# 如果不想用monkey.patch_all()打补丁,可以用gevent自带的socket
# from gevent import socket
# s = socket.socket()
def
server(server_ip, port):
s
=
socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
s.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR,
1
)
s.bind((server_ip, port))
s.listen(
5
)
while
True
:
conn, addr
=
s.accept()
gevent.spawn(talk, conn, addr)
def
talk(conn, addr):
try
:
while
True
:
res
=
conn.recv(
1024
)
print
(
'client %s:%s msg: %s'
%
(addr[
0
], addr[
1
], res))
conn.send(res.upper())
except
Exception as e:
print
(e)
finally
:
conn.close()
if
__name__
=
=
'__main__'
:
server(
'127.0.0.1'
,
8080
)
客户端
from
threading
import
Thread
from
socket
import
*
import
threading
def
client(server_ip, port):
c
=
socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
# 套接字对象一定要加到函数内,即局部名称空间内,放在函数外则被所有线程共享,则大家公用一个套接字对象,那么客户端端口永远一样了
c.connect((server_ip, port))
count
=
0
while
True
:
c.send((
'%s say hello %s'
%
(threading.current_thread().getName(), count)).encode(
'utf-8'
))
msg
=
c.recv(
1024
)
print
(msg.decode(
'utf-8'
))
count
+
=
1
if
__name__
=
=
'__main__'
:
for
i
in
range
(
500
):
t
=
Thread(target
=
client, args
=
(
'127.0.0.1'
,
8080
))
t.start()