1:controller层的代码
@RequestMapping(value = "getimage")
public void getImage(HttpServletResponse response) {
FileInputStream fis = null;
response.setContentType("image/gif");
try {
//通过response获得输出流
OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
//获取到图片验证码,这个静态类需要自己写
// File file = new File("D:/LiufuKin/Mysoft/apache-tomcat-6.0.14/images/9D5E800657A298BB06F56251D4BAEB24.jpg");
// fis = new FileInputStream(file);
String securityCodeString = CreateSecurityCodeANDImage.getSecurityCode();
ByteArrayInputStream image = CreateSecurityCodeANDImage.getImageAsInputStream(securityCodeString);
//这个是重点,由于输出字节流流只能传递二进制的数据,所以需要把他们转化成为数组就可以了
//下面这种方式创建的数组大小和图片大小刚刚好,这样就不会浪费空间,而且可以一次性的把数据给写进去
// byte[] b = new byte[fis.available()];
byte[] b = new byte[image.available()];
image.read(b);
out.write(b);
out.flush();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (fis != null) {
try {
fis.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
2:生成图片验证码的工具类
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.ImageFormatException;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder;
public class CreateSecurityCodeANDImage {
/**
* 验证码难度级别,Simple只包含数字,Medium包含数字和小写英文,Hard包含数字和大小写英文
*/
public enum SecurityCodeLevel {Simple,Medium,Hard};
/**
* 产生默认验证码,4位中等难度
* @return String 验证码
*/
public static String getSecurityCode(){
return getSecurityCode(4,SecurityCodeLevel.Medium,false);
}
/**
* 产生长度和难度任意的验证码
* @param length 长度
* @param level 难度级别
* @param isCanRepeat 是否能够出现重复的字符,如果为true,则可能出现 5578这样包含两个5,如果为false,则不可能出现这种情况
* @return String 验证码
*/
public static String getSecurityCode(int length,SecurityCodeLevel level,boolean isCanRepeat){
//随机抽取len个字符
int len=length;
//字符集合(除去易混淆的数字0、数字1、字母l、字母o、字母O)
char[] codes={'1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9',
'a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','m','n','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z',
'A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','P','Q','R','S','T','U','V','W','X','Y','Z'};
//根据不同的难度截取字符数组
if(level==SecurityCodeLevel.Simple){
codes=Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0,9);
}else if(level==SecurityCodeLevel.Medium){
codes=Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0,33);
}
//字符集合长度
int n=codes.length;
//抛出运行时异常
if(len>n&&isCanRepeat==false){
throw new RuntimeException(
String.format("调用SecurityCode.getSecurityCode(%1$s,%2$s,%3$s)出现异常,当isCanRepeat为%3$s时,传入参数%1$s不能大于%4$s",
len,level,isCanRepeat,n));
}
//存放抽取出来的字符
char[] result=new char[len];
//判断能否出现重复的字符
if(isCanRepeat){
for(int i=0;i<result.length;i++){
//索引 0 and n-1
int r=(int)(Math.random()*n);
//将result中的第i个元素设置为codes[r]存放的数值
result[i]=codes[r];
}
}else{
for(int i=0;i<result.length;i++){
//索引 0 and n-1
int r=(int)(Math.random()*n);
//将result中的第i个元素设置为codes[r]存放的数值
result[i]=codes[r];
//必须确保不会再次抽取到那个字符,因为所有抽取的字符必须不相同。
//因此,这里用数组中的最后一个字符改写codes[r],并将n减1
codes[r]=codes[n-1];
n--;
}
}
return String.valueOf(result);
}
/**
* 生成验证码图片
* @param securityCode 验证码字符
* @return BufferedImage 图片
*/
public static BufferedImage createImage(String securityCode){
//验证码长度
int codeLength=securityCode.length();
//字体大小
int fSize = 15;
int fWidth = fSize;
//图片宽度
int width = codeLength * fWidth + 6 ;
//图片高度
int height = 20;
//图片
BufferedImage image=new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g=image.createGraphics();
//设置背景色
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
//填充背景
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
//设置边框颜色
g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
//边框字体样式
g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, height - 2));
//绘制边框
g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height -1);
//绘制噪点
Random rand = new Random();
//设置噪点颜色
g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
for(int i = 0;i < codeLength * 6;i++){
int x = rand.nextInt(width);
int y = rand.nextInt(height);
//绘制1*1大小的矩形
g.drawRect(x, y, 1, 1);
}
//绘制验证码
int codeY = height - 10;
//设置字体颜色和样式
g.setColor(new Color(19,148,246));
g.setFont(new Font("Georgia", Font.BOLD, fSize));
for(int i = 0; i < codeLength;i++){
g.drawString(String.valueOf(securityCode.charAt(i)), i * 16 + 5, codeY);
}
//关闭资源
g.dispose();
return image;
}
/**
* 将BufferedImage转换成ByteArrayInputStream
* @param image 图片
* @return ByteArrayInputStream 流
*/
private static ByteArrayInputStream convertImageToStream(BufferedImage image){
ByteArrayInputStream inputStream = null;
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
JPEGImageEncoder jpeg = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(bos);
try {
jpeg.encode(image);
byte[] bts = bos.toByteArray();
inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(bts);
} catch (ImageFormatException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return inputStream;
}
/**
* 返回验证码图片的流格式
* @param securityCode 验证码
* @return ByteArrayInputStream 图片流
*/
public static ByteArrayInputStream getImageAsInputStream(String securityCode){
BufferedImage image = createImage(securityCode);
return convertImageToStream(image);
}
}
3:jsp页面的使用
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>getImage</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
<body>
验证码:<img src="getimage.do" width="100px" height="30px">
</body>
</html>
4:效果: