蓝牙

蓝牙介绍：

是一种无线技术标准，可实现固定设备、移动设备和楼宇个人域网之间的短距离数据交换

添加权限

<!-- 用于进行网络定位 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<!-- 用于访问GPS定位 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>

打开蓝牙并设置允许被搜索

Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);//开启蓝牙
intent.setAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);//允许蓝牙被搜索
intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION,200);//设置允许被搜索时间200s内可以被搜索到
startActivity(intent);

关闭蓝牙

adapter.disable();

搜索附近的蓝牙

adapter.startDiscovery();

点击扫描到的设备进行配对蓝牙

device.createBond();

获得已经配对的蓝牙设备

adapter.getBondedDevices()

使用蓝牙传输数据：socket和ServerSocket传输数据

//1.获得客户端Socket
BluetoothSocket socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);
socket.connect();
//2.获得服务端Socket
BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket = adapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(bluetoothAdapter.getName(),uuid);
serverSocket.accpet();

BluetoothManager 蓝牙管理类，管理BluetoothAdapter。主要负责管理蓝牙的本地连接。
BluetoothAdapter 蓝牙适配器类：代表本蓝牙设备
BluetoothDevice 蓝牙设备，配对后的远程蓝牙设备.
BluetoothServiceSocket 服务端连接类
BluetoothSocket：客户端连接类
UUID（universal unique identifier ， 全局唯一标识符）
文件传输服务:00001106-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB

开启蓝牙、关闭蓝牙、显示列表、点击配对

XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/start_BlueTooth"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        android:text="开启蓝牙"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/close_BlueTooth"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        android:text="关闭蓝牙"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/search_BlueTooth"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        android:text="搜索设备"/>
    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/name_list"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"></ListView>

</LinearLayout>

Activity

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity{

    private ListView nameList;
    private BluetoothAdapter adapter;
    private MyReceiver myReceiver;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        nameList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.name_list);

        init();
    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2)
    private void initMyBlueTooth() {
        BluetoothManager manager= (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
        adapter = manager.getAdapter();//获得自己的蓝牙
    }

    private void init() {
        String[] strings = new String[]{
                Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH,
                Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN,
                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
        };
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {//判断版本
            //判断是不是已经授权
            if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                requestPermissions(strings,101);
            }
        }
        initMyBlueTooth();

        myReceiver = new MyReceiver(nameList);
        //注册广播接受者
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
        filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);//注册搜索蓝牙的广播
        filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);//结束搜索
        filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);//绑定状态的改变
        registerReceiver(myReceiver,filter);
    }

    public void onClick(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()) {
            case R.id.start_BlueTooth:
                open();
                break;
            case R.id.close_BlueTooth:
                close();
                break;
            case R.id.search_BlueTooth:
                search();
                break;
        }
    }

    private void search() {
        adapter.startDiscovery();//搜索设备
    }

    private void close() {
        adapter.disable();//关闭蓝牙
    }

    private void open() {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);//开启蓝牙
        intent.setAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);//允许蓝牙被搜索
        intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION,300);//设置被搜索的时长
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

MyReceiver

public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    private static final String TAG = "MyReceiver";
    private List<BluetoothDevice> data=new ArrayList<>();
    private ListView listView;
    private BluetoothDevice device2;

    public MyReceiver(ListView listView) {
        this.listView = listView;
    }

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        //其他蓝牙
        MyAdapter adapter = new MyAdapter(context, data);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
        if (intent.getAction().equals(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND)) {
            BluetoothDevice device=intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
            data.add(device);
            adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
        }else if (intent.getAction().equals(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED)){
            //将所有蓝牙显示到界面上
        }else if (intent.getAction().equals(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED)){
            device2=intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
            int state=device2.getBondState();
            switch (state) {
                case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:
                    Log.i(TAG, "onReceive: -----------------连接成功");
                    //发送文件
                    new ClientThread().start();
                    break;
            }
        }
        //设置列表点击事件
        listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
                //点击连接
                data.get(i).createBond();
            }
        });
    }
}

Adapter

public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

    private Context mContext;
    private List<BluetoothDevice> data;

    public MyAdapter(Context context, List<BluetoothDevice> data) {
        mContext = context;
        this.data = data;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return data.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int i) {
        return data.get(i);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int i) {
        return i;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int i, View view, ViewGroup viewGroup) {
        ViewHolder viewHolder;
        if (view==null) {
            view= LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.layout_blue_tooth,null);
            viewHolder=new ViewHolder();
            viewHolder.textView=view.findViewById(R.id.bluetooth_name);
            view.setTag(viewHolder);
        }else {
            viewHolder= (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
        }
        viewHolder.textView.setText(data.get(i).getName());
        return view;
    }
    class ViewHolder{
        TextView textView;
    }
}