（备忘录）Ubuntu基本环境搭建——超级本安装Ubuntu14.04.4 32bit

闲来无事，在自己电脑上用虚拟机的Ubutun总觉得不方便。所以，翻出了以前的上网本，安装个Ubuntu玩玩

问题： 上网本比较老，无法安装64bit Ubuntu

方法： 退而求其次。

通过用UltraISO在u盘已经刻录好了 Ubuntu 14.04 64bit，但是电脑提示说，由于cpu是386，不支持64位系统。

好吧，那就搞个32bit的吧，这个没办法。后来，在按了F11进入BIOS Boot时选择USB启动，但是电脑居然忽略了USB，根本就进不了我的USB启动。

后来网上搜，发现在UltraISO设置时，需要选择USB-ZIP，不能选择HDD，原因是部分旧电脑不支持HDD。（说的就是我的电脑，莫名中枪）

按照提示，选择USB-ZIP。刻录，安装。一切顺利。

安装

见上述。。

安装过程中，需要人工参与：选择时区、键盘映射类型、语言、主机名、默认账号密码（要有个初始的用户咯）。

建议：在安装过程中，不连接网络，不然他会边安装边下载很多东东，导致安装时间加长。

更新

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get upgrade

此刻要保证网络是通的哦。

安装vim

sudo apt-get install vim

安装ssh

安装

sudo apt-get ssh        

查看是否安装好

sudo ps -e | grep ssh

如果成功：

 2485 ?        00:00:00 sshd

如果失败：

是没有  sshd 显示的

配置ssh

sudo vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config 

信息如下：（屏蔽掉红色部分，添加绿色部分）

liuh@CoreServer:~$ cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config 
# Package generated configuration file
# See the sshd_config(5) manpage for details


# What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for
Port 22
# Use these options to restrict which interfaces/protocols sshd will bind to
#ListenAddress ::
#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
Protocol 2
# HostKeys for protocol version 2
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
#Privilege Separation is turned on for security
UsePrivilegeSeparation yes


# Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key
KeyRegenerationInterval 3600
ServerKeyBits 1024


# Logging
SyslogFacility AUTH
LogLevel INFO


# Authentication:
LoginGraceTime 120
#PermitRootLogin without-password
PermitRootLogin yes
StrictModes yes


RSAAuthentication yes
PubkeyAuthentication yes
#AuthorizedKeysFile     %h/.ssh/authorized_keys


# Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files
IgnoreRhosts yes
# For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh_known_hosts
RhostsRSAAuthentication no
# similar for protocol version 2
HostbasedAuthentication no
# Uncomment if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for RhostsRSAAuthentication
#IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes


# To enable empty passwords, change to yes (NOT RECOMMENDED)
PermitEmptyPasswords no


# Change to yes to enable challenge-response passwords (beware issues with
# some PAM modules and threads)
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no


# Change to no to disable tunnelled clear text passwords
#PasswordAuthentication yes


# Kerberos options
#KerberosAuthentication no
#KerberosGetAFSToken no
#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes
#KerberosTicketCleanup yes


# GSSAPI options
#GSSAPIAuthentication no
#GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes


X11Forwarding yes
X11DisplayOffset 10
PrintMotd no
PrintLastLog yes
TCPKeepAlive yes
#UseLogin no


#MaxStartups 10:30:60
#Banner /etc/issue.net


# Allow client to pass locale environment variables
AcceptEnv LANG LC_*


Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server


# Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing,
# and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will
# be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and
# PasswordAuthentication.  Depending on your PAM configuration,
# PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass
# the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password".
# If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without
# PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication
# and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'.
UsePAM yes

安装samba

sudo apt-get install samba

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libntdb1 python-ntdb
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
  attr libaio1 python-dnspython samba-dsdb-modules samba-vfs-modules tdb-tools
Suggested packages:
  bind9 bind9utils ldb-tools ntp smbldap-tools winbind
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  attr libaio1 python-dnspython samba samba-dsdb-modules samba-vfs-modules
  tdb-tools
0 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 1,516 kB of archives.
After this operation, 14.5 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] 

安装好后：

liuh@CoreServer:~$ ps -e | grep smb
 5007 ?        00:00:00 smbd
 5048 ?        00:00:00 smbd
 5093 ?        00:00:00 smbd

然后。

liuh@CoreServer:~$ sudo vi /etc/samba/smb.conf 

在最后添加你要共享的目录，例如：

[liuh]
   comment =liuh
   path = /home/liuh/
   browseable = yes
   writable = yes
   available = yes
   public = yes

liuh@CoreServer:~$ sudo smbpasswd  -a liuh
New SMB password:
Retype new SMB password:
Added user liuh.

然后，重启samba服务

liuh@CoreServer:~$ sudo service  samba restart

最后，在PC上，映射Ubuntu的samba即可，如下图