前言
MMU除了管理虚拟地址到物理地址的映射外,还管理的访问权限。Linux内核分了很多段,如代码段,只读数据段,数据段等,不同的段访问权限肯定是不同的。代码段一般来说可读可执行,并且只能在特权模式下执行,但是不可写;只读数据段只能读,不能写也不能执行;数据段可以读写,不能执行。本文主要就是来介绍下linux内核各个段的权限设置问题,关于用户进程各个段的权限设置会在另外一篇文章中介绍。
Linux分了哪些段?
我们首先要知道linux分了哪些段,以ARM64为例,我们看下编译生成的连接脚本vmlinux.lds文件。
. = ((((0xffffffffffffffff << (48)) + (0)) + (0x08000000))) + 0x00080000;
.head.text : {
_text = .;
*(.head.text)
}
.text : { /* Real text segment */
_stext = .; /* Text and read-only data */
__exception_text_start = .;
*(.exception.text)
__exception_text_end = .;
. = ALIGN(8); __entry_text_start = .; *(.entry.text) __entry_text_end = .;
. = ALIGN(8); *(.text.hot .text .text.fixup .text.unlikely) *(.ref.text)
. = ALIGN(8); __sched_text_start = .; *(.sched.text) __sched_text_end = .;
. = ALIGN(8); __cpuidle_text_start = .; *(.cpuidle.text) __cpuidle_text_end = .;
. = ALIGN(8); __lock_text_start = .; *(.spinlock.text) __lock_text_end = .;
. = ALIGN(8); __kprobes_text_start = .; *(.kprobes.text) __kprobes_text_end = .;
. = ALIGN(0x00001000); __hyp_idmap_text_start = .; *(.hyp.idmap.text) __hyp_idmap_text_end = .; __hyp_text_start = .; *(.hyp.text) __hyp_text_end = .;
. = ALIGN(0x00001000); __idmap_text_start = .; *(.idmap.text) __idmap_text_end = .;
*(.fixup)
*(.gnu.warning)
. = ALIGN(16);
*(.got) /* Global offset table */
}
. = ALIGN(0x00010000);
_etext = .; /* End of text section */
. = ALIGN(((1 << 12))); .rodata : AT(ADDR(.rodata) - 0) { __start_rodata = .; *(.rodata) *(.rodata.*) __start_data_ro_after_init = .; *(.data..ro_after_init) __end_data_ro_after_init = .; *(__vermagic) . = ALIGN(8); __start___tracepoints_ptrs = .; *(__tracepoints_ptrs) __stop___tracepoints_ptrs = .; *(__tracepoints_strings) } .rodata1 : AT(ADDR(.rodata1) - 0) { *(.rodata1) } . = ALIGN(8); __bug_table : AT(ADDR(__bug_table) - 0) { __start___bug_table = .; *(__bug_table) __stop___bug_table = .; } .pci_fixup : AT(ADDR(.pci_fixup) - 0) { __start_pci_fixups_early = .; *(.pci_fixup_early) __end_pci_fixups_early = .; __start_pci_fixups_header = .; *(.pci_fixup_header) __end_pci_fixups_header = .; __start_pci_fixups_final = .; *(.pci_fixup_final) __end_pci_fixups_final = .; __start_pci_fixups_enable = .; *(.pci_fixup_enable) __end_pci_fixups_enable = .; __start_pci_fixups_resume = .; *(.pci_fixup_resume) __end_pci_fixups_resume = .; __start_pci_fixups_resume_early = .; *(.pci_fixup_resume_early) __end_pci_fixups_resume_early = .; __start_pci_fixups_suspend = .; *(.pci_fixup_suspend) __end_pci_fixups_suspend = .; __start_pci_fixups_suspend_late = .; *(.pci_fixup_suspend_late) __end_pci_fixups_suspend_late = .; } .builtin_fw : AT(ADDR(.builtin_fw)