重启docker解决了。
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker
还有一个本机Navicat连接的时候也会遇到问题(mysql8+版本加密规则)
需要进到docker容器修改一下mysql加密方法
#进入某个容器
docker exec -it ecdf3870557e /bin/bash
mysql -uroot -p123
alter user 'root'@'%' identified by '123' password expire never;
alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '1234';
flush privileges;