使用RestTemplate发送Http请求抛出异常:Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.web.client.RestClientException: Could not write request: no suitable HttpMessageConverter found for request type
原因:根据Http请求ContentType找到的HttpMessageConverter无法处理报文体数据导致。HttpMessageConverter作用是根据ContentType类型,只负责将报文体内容转换到请求参数中,转换之后就可以通过@RequestParam或request.getParameter获取,否则只能通过@RequestBody注解获取。
Http请求包括的内容如下:
报文体经常用到的情形是发送Post请求时,Post请求参数将作为报文体传递,所以Post请求参数的长度才没有限制。
HttpHeaders默认的ContentType为application/x-www-form-urlencoded,其中application/x-www-form-urlencoded是一种编码类型,当URL地址里包含非西欧字符的字符串时,系统会将这些字符转换成application/x-www-form-urlencoded字符串。表单里提交时也是如此,当包含非西欧字符的字符串时,系统也会将这些字符转换成application/x-www-form-urlencoded字符串。然而,在向服务器发送大量的文本、包含非ASCII字符的文本或二进制数据时这种编码方式效率很低。这个时候我们就要使用另一种编码类型“multipart/form-data”,比如在我们在做上传的时候,表单的enctype属性一般会设置成“multipart/form-data”。Browser端<form>表单的ENCTYPE属性值为multipart/form-data,它告诉我们传输的数据要用到多媒体传输协议,由于多媒体传输的都是大量的数据,所以规定上传文件必须是post方法。
为了能够将报文体转换到请求参数中,并且通过request.getParameter方法获取报文体中内容,将报文体内容设置为String,如果是实体类转换为String再传递。实例如下:
传递的实体类:
package com;
public class IndexInfo {
private String name ;
private String content ;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "name="+ name+"&content="+content;
}
}
Controller类和Main方法:
package com;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Collections;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {
@RequestMapping
@ResponseBody
public IndexInfo testMethod(IndexInfo indexInfo,@RequestBody String requestBody){
System.out.println("indexinfo name -> "+indexInfo.getName()+" ;content -> "+indexInfo.getContent());
System.out.println("request body -> "+requestBody);
return indexInfo ;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate() ;
//请求的url
String url = "http://localhost:8080/gisserver_jpa/test" ;
//设置Http请求头和报文体
HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders() ;
//设置HTTP请求的请求头信息
httpHeaders.setContentType(MediaType.parseMediaType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8"));
//设置相应内容,相应内容将被转换为json格式返回
httpHeaders.setAcceptCharset(Collections.singletonList(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
httpHeaders.setAccept(Collections.singletonList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
//创建要传递的对象
IndexInfo indexInfo = new IndexInfo();
indexInfo.setName("0123456789");
indexInfo.setContent("new content");
//设置HttpEntity的Body类型为String,调用StringHttpMessageConverter转换报文体参数
HttpEntity<String> httpEntity = new HttpEntity(indexInfo.toString(),httpHeaders) ;
//发送post请求,并将返回的实体类型设置的IndexInfo
indexInfo = restTemplate.postForObject(url, httpEntity, IndexInfo.class) ;
System.out.println(indexInfo.toString());
}
}