Bean之间的继承关系
1.Spring允许继承bean的配置,被继承的bean称为父bean。继承这个父Bean的Bean称为子Bean
2.子Bean从父Bean中继承配置,包括Bean的属性配置,子Bean也可以覆盖从父Bean继承过来的配置。
3.父Bean可以作为配置模板,也可以作为Bean实例,若只想把父Bean作为模板,可以设置<Bean>的abstract属性为true,
这样Spring将不会实例化这个Bean
4.并不是<Bean>元素里的所有属性都会被继承,比如:autowire,abstract就不会被继承
5.也可以忽略父Bean的class属性,让子Bean指定自己的类,而共享相同的属性配置,但此时abstract必须设置为true。
基础类 :Address.java
package com.lanou3g.autowire;
public class Address {
private String city;
private String street;
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
public String getStreet() {
return street;
}
public void setStreet(String street) {
this.street = street;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address [city=" + city + ", street=" + street + "]";
}
}
测试类:test.java
package com.lanou3g.bean.relations;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.lanou3g.autowire.Address;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans-relation.xml");
Address address1 = (Address)ctx.getBean("address1");
System.out.println(address1);
Address address2 = (Address)ctx.getBean("address2");
System.out.println(address2);
}
}
情景一
beans-relation.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="address1" class="com.lanou3g.autowire.Address"
p:city="Beijing" p:street="Nanjinglu"></bean>
<bean id="address2" class="com.lanou3g.autowire.Address"
p:city="Shanghai" p:street="Henanlu"></bean>
</beans>
运行结果
情景二
beans-relation.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="address1" class="com.lanou3g.autowire.Address"
p:city="Beijing" p:street="Nanjinglu"></bean>
<!-- 继承未有的属性,覆盖已有的属性 -->
<bean id="address2" class="com.lanou3g.autowire.Address"
p:street="Henanlu" parent="address1"></bean>
</beans>
运行结果
情景三
beans-relation.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="address1" class="com.lanou3g.autowire.Address"
p:city="Beijing" p:street="Nanjinglu"></bean>
<bean id="address2" p:street="Henanlu" parent="address1"></bean>
</beans>
运行结果
情景四-abstract的使用
beans-relation.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- 此时获取address1的实例将会报错 -->
<bean id="address1" class="com.lanou3g.autowire.Address"
p:city="Beijing" p:street="Nanjinglu" abstract="true"></bean>
<bean id="address2" p:street="Henanlu" parent="address1"></bean>
</beans>
运行结果
情景五-abstract的使用
beans-relation.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- 抽象Bean,bean的abstract属性为true的bean,这样的Bean不能被IOC实例化,只用来被继承配置 -->
<bean id="address1" p:city="Beijing" p:street="Nanjinglu" abstract="true"></bean>
<!-- 父Bean的class可以省略,但是此时子类的Class就不能省略 -->
<bean id="address2" class="com.lanou3g.autowire.Address"
p:street="Henanlu" parent="address1"></bean>
</beans>
运行结果
Bean之间的依赖关系
1.Spring允许用户通过depends-on属性设定Bean前置依赖的Bean,前置依赖的Bean会在本Bean实例化之前创建好
2.如果前置依赖于多个Bean,则可以通过逗号,空格或的方式配置Bean的名称
beans-relation.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="address" class="com.lanou3g.autowire.Address"
p:street="Henanlu" ></bean>
<bean id="car" class="com.lanou3g.autowire.Car"
p:brand="Baoma" p:price="30000"></bean>
<bean id="person" class="com.lanou3g.autowire.Person"
p:name="张三" p:age="5620" p:address-ref="address" depends-on="car"></bean>
</beans>
test.java
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans-relation.xml");
Address address2 = (Address)ctx.getBean("address");
System.out.println(address2);
Person person = ctx.getBean(Person.class);
System.out.println(person);
}
}
运行结果