u-boot-2010.03在tq6410上的移植详解（二）

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六．对Nor flash的支持：

从上图的启动信息可以看到flash：0kb。Uboot还没有添加对Nor flash的支持。我们使用的nor flash型号是EN29LV160AB，与AMD的兼容，所以添加对Nor flash的支持。

#cd include/configs/// #gedit smdk6410.h // /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------  * FLASH and environment organization  */ #define CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_BASE     0x00000000//0x10000000Flash的基地址 #define CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_BASE   0x00000000   #define CONFIG_SYS_MAX_FLASH_BANKS 1   /* max number of memory banks   */ //一定要定义为>0 /* AM29LV160B has 35 sectors, AM29LV800B - 19 */ #define CONFIG_SYS_MAX_FLASH_SECT 35//40硬件得来   #define CONFIG_AMD_LV800 //#define CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_CFI    1   /* Use CFI parameters (needed?) */ #define PHYS_FLASH_SIZE    0x200000 //2M Flash的大小 #define PHYS_FLASH_1    0x00000000 /* Use drivers/cfi_flash.c, even though the flash is not CFI-compliant   */ //CFI相关的屏蔽掉 //#define CONFIG_FLASH_CFI_DRIVER 1 //#define CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_CFI_WIDTH  FLASH_CFI_16BIT //#define CONFIG_FLASH_CFI_LEGACY //#define CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_LEGACY_512Kx16   /* timeout values are in ticks */ #define CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_ERASE_TOUT   (5 * CONFIG_SYS_HZ) /* Timeout for Flash Erase   */ #define CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_WRITE_TOUT   (5 * CONFIG_SYS_HZ) /* Timeout for Flash Write   */ #define CONFIG_ENV_ADDR     0x00000 #define CONFIG_ENV_SIZE 0x4000    /* Total Size of Environment Sector */

说明：Uboot2010.03中支持Nor flash的两种读写方式：CFI和JEDEC。本文章采用JEDEC的方式。因为S3C2440和S3C6410的nor flash接口兼容，所以将S3C2440目录下的flash.c复制到./board/samsung/s3c6410/下，并修改Makefile文件。

#cd board/samsung/s3c6410/Makefile// #gedit Makefile // COBJS-y    := smdk6410.o flash.o

重新编译Uboot并下载到Nand Flash中，串口打印信息如下。说明板子已经能检测到Nor flash。

七．Uboot支持yaffs2文件的读写

       由于Uboot本身支持yaffs2文件的读写直接修改./include/configs/smdk6410.h的配置文件，使得uboot支持yaffs2的读写，重新编译Uboot并下载到Nand Flash中，串口打印信息如下，uboot已经支持yaffs2烧写到nand flash（由于本人对于此uboot中指令不熟悉，所以至今还未写yaffs2文件成功，如有知道的可告知，谢谢）。

于是又重新手动yaffs2文件的烧写指令。首先修改./include/configs/smdk6410.h

#cd include/configs/smdk6410.h// #define CONFIG_YAFFS2

于是又重新手动yaffs2文件的烧写指令。

1)       修改./include/configs/smdk6410.h

注意一定要屏蔽掉CONFIG_YAFFS2，否则yaffs文件读写有冲突。

#cd include/configs/smdk6410.h// //#define CONFIG_YAFFS2 #define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_YAFFS_WRITE     1  /* support yaffs write    EN        */ #define CONFIG_MTD_NAND_ECC_YAFFS 1

2)修改common/cmd_nand.c

在373行，红色字体为添加部分 if (!s || !strcmp(s, ".jffs2") ||                  !strcmp(s, ".e") || !strcmp(s, ".i")) {                     if (read)                            ret = nand_read_skip_bad(nand, off, &size,                                                  (u_char *)addr);                     else                            ret = nand_write_skip_bad(nand, off, &size,                                                   (u_char *)addr);              }               #if defined(ENABLE_CMD_NAND_YAFFS)               }else if ( s != NULL &&                      (!strcmp(s, ".yaffs") || !strcmp(s, ".yaffs1"))){                          if(read)  {                               printf("nand read.yaffs[1] is not provide temporarily!");                          } else    {                             nand->rw_oob = 1; #if defined(ENABLE_CMD_NAND_YAFFS_SKIPFB)                             nand->skipfirstblk = 1; #else                             nand->skipfirstblk = 0; #endif                             ret = nand_write_skip_bad(nand,off,&size,(u_char *)addr); #if defined(ENABLE_CMD_NAND_YAFFS_SKIPFB)                             nand->skipfirstblk = 0; #endif                             nand->rw_oob = 0;                          } #endif }                         else if (!strcmp(s, ".oob")) {                     /* out-of-band data */                     mtd_oob_ops_t ops = {                            .oobbuf = (u8 *)addr,                            .ooblen = size,                            .mode = MTD_OOB_RAW                     }; 在505行添加，红色字体为添加部分 "nand erase [clean] [off size] - erase 'size' bytes from/n"       "    offset 'off' (entire device if not specified)/n"       #if defined(CONFIG_SYS_NAND_YAFFS_WRITE)       "nand read[.yaffs[1]] is not provide temporarily/n"       "nand write[.yaffs[1]] addr off size -write the 'size' byte yaffs image starting/n"       "at offset 'off' from memory address 'addr' (.yaffs for 512+16 Nand)"       #endif       "nand bad - show bad blocks/n"

3）drivers/mtd/nand/nand_base.c

在2095行处红色字体为修改部分： static int nand_write(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to, size_t len,                       size_t *retlen, const uint8_t *buf) {       struct nand_chip *chip = mtd->priv;       int ret;         #if defined(CONFIG_SYS_NAND_YAFFS_WRITE)              int oldopsmode = 0;              if(mtd->rw_oob==1)              {                     size_t oobsize =mtd->oobsize;                       size_t datasize = mtd->writesize;                     int i=0;                     uint8_t oobtemp[oobsize];                     int datapages = 0;                     datapages = len/(datasize);                     for(i=0;i<(datapages);i++)                     {                            memcpy((void *)oobtemp,(void *)(buf+datasize*(i+1)),oobsize);                            memmove((void *)(buf+datasize*(i+1)),(void *)(buf+datasize*(i+1)+oobsize),(datapages-(i+1))*(datasize)+(datapages-1)*oobsize);                            memcpy((void *)(buf+(datapages)*(datasize+oobsize)-oobsize),(void *)(oobtemp),oobsize);                     }              }       #endif         /* Do not allow reads past end of device */       if ((to + len) > mtd->size)              return -EINVAL;       if (!len)              return 0;       nand_get_device(chip, mtd, FL_WRITING);       chip->ops.len = len;       chip->ops.datbuf = (uint8_t *)buf;       #if !defined(CONFIG_SYS_NAND_YAFFS_WRITE)       chip->ops.oobbuf = NULL;       #endif       #if defined(CONFIG_SYS_NAND_YAFFS_WRITE)              if(mtd->rw_oob!=1)              {                     chip->ops.oobbuf = NULL;              }              else              {                     chip->ops.oobbuf = (uint8_t*)(buf+len);                     chip->ops.ooblen = mtd->oobsize;                     oldopsmode = chip->ops.mode;                     chip->ops.mode = MTD_OOB_RAW;              }           #endif       ret = nand_do_write_ops(mtd, to, &chip->ops);         *retlen = chip->ops.retlen;         nand_release_device(mtd);       #if defined(CONFIG_SYS_NAND_YAFFS_WRITE)              chip->ops.mode = oldopsmode;             #endif         return ret; }

4）修改drivers/mtd/nand/nand_util.c

int nand_write_skip_bad(nand_info_t *nand, loff_t offset, size_t *length,                     u_char *buffer) {       int rval;       size_t left_to_write = *length;       size_t len_incl_bad;       u_char *p_buffer = buffer;             #if defined(CONFIG_SYS_NAND_YAFFS_WRITE)              if(nand->rw_oob==1)              {              size_t oobsize=nand->oobsize;              size_t datasize = nand->writesize;              int datapages = 0;                if(((*length)%(nand->oobsize+nand->writesize))!=0)              {                     printf("Attempt to write error lenght data!/n");                     return -EINVAL;              }              datapages = *length/(datasize+oobsize);              *length = datapages*datasize;              left_to_write = *length;              }       #endif       /* Reject writes, which are not page aligned */       if ((offset & (nand->writesize - 1)) != 0 ||           (*length & (nand->writesize - 1)) != 0) {              printf ("Attempt to write non page aligned data/n");              return -EINVAL;       }         len_incl_bad = get_len_incl_bad (nand, offset, *length);         if ((offset + len_incl_bad) > nand->size) {              printf ("Attempt to write outside the flash area/n");              return -EINVAL;       }             #if !defined(CONFIG_SYS_NAND_YAFFS_WRITE)       if (len_incl_bad == *length) {              rval = nand_write (nand, offset, length, buffer);              if (rval != 0)                     printf ("NAND write to offset %llx failed %d/n",                            offset, rval);                return rval;       }       #endif         while (left_to_write > 0) {              size_t block_offset = offset & (nand->erasesize - 1);              size_t write_size;                WATCHDOG_RESET ();                if (nand_block_isbad (nand, offset & ~(nand->erasesize - 1))) {                     printf ("Skip bad block 0x%08llx/n",                            offset & ~(nand->erasesize - 1));                     offset += nand->erasesize - block_offset;                     continue;              }              #if defined(CONFIG_SYS_NAND_YAFFS_WRITE)              if (nand->skipfirstblk==1)              {                     nand->skipfirstblk = 0;                     printf("Skip the first good block%llx/n",offset&~(nand->erasesize-1));                     offset+=nand->erasesize-block_offset;                     continue;              }                         #endif                if (left_to_write < (nand->erasesize - block_offset))                     write_size = left_to_write;              else                     write_size = nand->erasesize - block_offset;                     printf("/rWriting at 0x%llx--",offset);                rval = nand_write (nand, offset, &write_size, p_buffer);              if (rval != 0) {                     printf ("NAND write to offset %llx failed %d/n",                            offset, rval);                     *length -= left_to_write;                     return rval;              }              left_to_write -= write_size;              printf("%d%% is complete",100-(left_to_write/(*length/100)));              offset        += write_size;              //           p_buffer      += write_size;              #if defined(CONFIG_SYS_NAND_YAFFS_WRITE)              if(nand->rw_oob==1)              {              p_buffer+=write_size+(write_size/nand->writesize*nand->oobsize);              }                         else              {              p_buffer+=write_size;              }              #else              p_buffer      += write_size;              #endif       }       return 0; }

5）修改include/linux/mtd/mtd.h

在131行添加红色字体部分 #if defined(CONFIG_SYS_NAND_YAFFS_WRITE)       u_char rw_oob;       u_char skipfirstblk;            #endif

重新编译uboot并下载到Nand Flash中，使用nand指令烧写yaffs2文件到nand中如下图所示，至此uboot已支持yaffs的烧写。

对于uboot的yaffs2文件的烧写一定要是2048+64个字节的整数倍，否则烧写将出错，说明页面烧写不成功。

八．支持串口xmodem协议

U-Boot默认支持的loadb命令需要配合Linux下的kermit工具来使用，loady命令通过串口ymodem协议来传输文件。Windows下的超级终端虽然支持ymodem,但是它的使用界面实在不友好。而SecureCRT只支持xmodem和zmodem。而上位机和开发板之间的文件传输又实在是一件非常重要的事，所以现在修改代码以增加对xmodem的支持，即增加一个命令loadx。

1）依照loady的实现来编写代码，首先使用U_BOOT_CMD宏来增加loadx命令（在文件common/cmd_load.c文件中）：

U_BOOT_CMD(       loadx, 3, 0,    do_load_serial_bin,       "load binary file over serial line (xmodem mode)",       "[ off ] [ baud ]/n"       "    - load binary file over serial line"       " with offset 'off' and baudrate 'baud'" );

2）依照loady在do_load_serial_bin函数中增加对loadx命令的处理分支。

else if(strcmp(argv[0],"loadx")==0) {              printf ("## Ready for binary (xmodem) download "                     "to 0x%08lX at %d bps.../n",                     offset,                     load_baudrate);              addr = load_serial_xmodem (offset);       }

3）由于addr行调用了load_serial_xmodem函数，依照load_serial_ymodem实现的一个函数。首先在文件开头增加loadx_serial_xmodem函数的声明，然后复制load_serial_ymodem函数为load_serial_xmodem，稍作修改：（1）、将局部数组ymodemBuf改名为xmodemBuf，并在后面使用到的地方统一修改，这只是为了与函数名称一致，可改可不改。（2）、info.mode的值从xyzModem_ymodem改为xyzModem_xmodem。

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_LOADB) static ulong load_serial_ymodem (ulong offset); static ulong load_serial_xmodem (ulong offset); #endif

重新编译，执行loadx，然后在secureCRT的Transfer菜单下点Send Xmodem（xxx已经放在了Upload目录里），完成对串口xmodem协议的支持。