python基础之下篇

用户输入和while循环

1. 函数input()让程序暂停运行，等待用户输入一些文本
2. 使用 int()来获取数值输入
3. 处理数值信息时，求模运算符（%）是一个很有用的工具，它将两个数相除并返回余数：
4. while循环结构体

current_number = 1 
while current_number <= 5: 
 print(current_number) 
 current_number += 1

5. 使用 break 退出循环

prompt = "\nPlease enter the name of a city you have visited:" 
prompt += "\n(Enter 'quit' when you are finished.) "
while True: 
 city = input(prompt) 
 
 if city == 'quit': 
  break
 else: 
  print("I'd love to go to " + city.title() + "!")

6. 注意避免无限循环，加上判断条件

使用 while 循环来处理列表和字典

pets = ['dog', 'cat', 'dog', 'goldfish', 'cat', 'rabbit', 'cat'] 
print(pets) 
while 'cat' in pets: 
 pets.remove('cat') 
 
print(pets)

函数

1. 定义函数相比于java的方法来讲，感受是很类似

def greet_user(username): 
 print("Hello, " + username.title() + "!") 
greet_user('jesse')

2. 实参和形参
   形参：username
   实参：jesse
3. 返回值

def greet_user(username): 
 return username.title()
print("Hello, " +greet_user('jesse')+ "!") 

类

类的定义

class Dog(): 

 def __init__(self, name, age): 
  self.name = name 
  self.age = age 
 
 def sit(self): 
  print(self.name.title() + " is now sitting.") 
  
 def roll_over(self): 
  print(self.name.title() + " rolled over!")

类继承

class Dog(): 

 def __init__(self, name, age): 
  self.name = name 
  self.age = age 
 
 def sit(self): 
  print(self.name.title() + " is now sitting.") 
  
 def roll_over(self): 
  print(self.name.title() + " rolled over!")

class Jinmao(Dog): 
 def __init__(self, name, age): 
  super().__init__(name, age) 
my_dog = Jinmao('tesla',3) 
print(my_dog.sit())

导入类

测试代码