BGP综合实验

柳飞飘絮

已于 2023-07-31 17:28:01 修改

阅读量76

点赞数

文章标签：网络

于 2023-07-31 16:53:38 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/liuyijunyyds/article/details/132009533

版权

该实验涉及网络路由配置，包括IP地址规划，OSPF协议的启动以建立区域内路由，BGP协议的启用和对等体建立，特别是使用路由反射器打破IBGP水平分割，以及通过GRE隧道处理不能宣告的环回地址。路由器R1至R8各自配置了接口IP地址，OSPF区域和BGP参数，并通过网络宣告各自子网。最后，R2和R7进行了汇总宣告，R1和R8建立了GRE隧道以连接不能直接宣告的环回地址。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

路由

实验步骤：

第一步：IP地址规划

R1环回：192.168.1.0/24 10.1.1.0/24

R8环回：192.168.2.0/24 10.1.2.0/24

AS 2骨干链路：172.168.1.0/24

R2-R3:172.168.1.0/30

R3-R4:172.168.1.4/30

R2-R5:172.168.1.8/30

R5-R6:172.168.1.12/30

R6-R7:172.168.1.16/30

R54-R7:172.168.1.20/30

R2环回：172.168.2.0/24

R3环回：172.168.3.0/24

R4环回：172.168.4.0/24

R5环回：172.168.5.0/24

R6环回：172.168.6.0/24

R7环回：172.168.7.0/24

第二步：IP地址配置

R1:

[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[R1]int LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.1 24
[R1]int lo 1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip ad 10.0.0.1 24

R2:

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[R2]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.1 30
[R2]int g0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.1.9 30
[R2]int LoopBack 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.1 24

R3:

[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.2 30
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.5 30
[R3]int LoopBack 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.1 24

R4:

[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.6 30
[R4]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.21 30
[R4]int LoopBack 0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.4.1 24

R5:

[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.10 30
[R5]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.13 30
[R5]int LoopBack 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.5.1 24

R6:

[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.14 30
[R6]int g0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.17 30
[R6]int LoopBack 0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.6.1 24

R7:

[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.22 30
[R7]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.18 30
[R7]int g0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 78.1.1.1 24
[R7]int LoopBack 0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.7.1 24

R8:

[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 78.1.1.2 24
[R8]int LoopBack 0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.2.1 24	
[R8]int LoopBack 1
[R8-LoopBack1]ip add 11.0.0.1 24

第二步：启动OSPF协议


[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

第三步：启用BGP协议，并进行对等体的建立

R1:

[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2

R2:

[r2]gbp 1
[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-bgp]confederation id 2
[r2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 12.0.0.1 as-number 1
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as-number 64512
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface LookBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as-number 64512
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 connect-interface LookBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 next-hop-local
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 next-hop-local

R3:

[r3]bgp 64512
[r3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3 
[r3-bgp]confederation id 2
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as-number 64512  
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0 
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as-number 64512 
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

R4:

[r4]bgp 64512
[r4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-bgp]confederation id 2
[r4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as 64512
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface LookBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface LookBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 ebgp-max-hop 2

R5:

[r5]bgp 64513
[r5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-bgp]confederation id 2
[r5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as-number 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface LookBack 0
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as-number 64513
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface LookBack 0

R6:

[r6]bgp 64513
[r6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-bgp]confederation id 2
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as-number 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 connect-interface LookBack 0
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as-number 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface LookBack 0

R7:

[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-bgp]confederation id 2
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as-number 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface LookBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as-number 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface LookBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 next-hop-local
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 next-hop-local

R8:

[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-bgp]peer 78.0.0.1 as-number 2

第四步：R1-R8发布路由信息

[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]network 10.0.0.0 24


[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]network 11.0.0.0 24

第五步：破除IBGP之间的水平分割，配置路由反射器

R3：
[r3]bgp 64512    
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 reflect-client 


R6：
[r6]bgp 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 reflect-client

第六步：汇总宣告及空接口

R2：

[r2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0   
[r2]bgp 64512 
[r2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

R7：

[r7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0 
[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

第七步：因为环回地址192.168.2.0 /24不能在任何协议中宣告，所有需要配置GRE

R1：

[r1]int t0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip a 192.168.10.1 24  
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre  
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 10.0.0.1
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 11.0.0.1  
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 99.0.0.2

R2：

[r8]int t0/0/0
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip a 192.168.10.2 24 
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre  
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 11.0.0.1
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 10.0.0.1
[r8]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 99.0.0.1