文章目录
一、前言
应用层涉及到从数据库提取数据记录,转换成对应的DTO,然后框架自动Json序列化,返回前端;
在Domain领域层创建的领域对象DO通常带有关系绑定,1:1 或者1:N , 自然Application应用层的数据传输对象 DTO也会带有与之对应关系的DTO;
当查询A记录 想要把A记录关联的B记录也一并查询并返回的时候,记录查询虽然成功,但是在进行Json序列化的时候会提示要转换的对象出现循环递归引用,且超过最大32层循环嵌套深度,直接报JsonException异常。
二、对象递归引用Json序列化异常案例
1、领域层对象关系:
//巡航类 Cruise.cs
public class Cruise : Entity<int>, IHasCreationTime, IHasModificationTime
{
/// <summary>
/// 区域巡检点列表:1条路径多个巡检点
/// </summary>
public virtual List<Cruise_Points> Cruise_Points { get; set; }
}
//巡检点:Cruise_Points.cs
public class Cruise_Points : Entity<int>, IHasModificationTime, IHasCreationTime
{
/// <summary>
/// 巡检点对应的巡检路径ID 数据库自动生成主外键
/// </summary>
public virtual int Cruise_Id { get; set; }
[ForeignKey("Cruise_Id")]
public virtual Cruise Cruise { get; set; }
}
2、应用层对象关系:
//CruiseDto.cs:巡检路径
public class CruiseDto : EntityDto<int>
{
/// <summary>
/// 多个巡检点
/// </summary>
public List<CruisePointDto> Cruise_Points { get; set; }
}
//CruisePointDto.cs:巡检点位
public class CruisePointDto : EntityDto<int>
{
/// <summary>
/// 关联的巡检路径
/// </summary>
public virtual int Cruise_Id { get; set; }
public CruiseDto Cruise { get; set; }
}
3.1、关联查询方式:AbpVnext
public class CruiseAppService : CrudAppService<Cruise, CruiseDto, int, CruisePagedResultRequestDto, CreateCruiseDto, CruiseDto>, ICruiseAppService
{
public CruiseAppService(IRepository<Cruise, int> repository) : base(repository)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// 重新翻页查询
/// </summary>
protected override IQueryable<Device_Warns> CreateFilteredQuery(CruisePagedResultRequestDto input)
{
//查询巡检路径 Cruise 的时候 把对应的多个巡检点位也查询出来
return this.ReadOnlyRepository.WithDetails(p=>p.Cruise_Point)
.WhereIf(p=>p.id=20);
}
}
}
//注意代码中的 this.ReadOnlyRepository.WithDetails
3.2、关联查询方式:Abp
//类似这种写法
return await _context.Cruise.Include(P.Cruise_Point).FirstOrDefaultAsync(p=>p.id=20);
4、查询结果Json序列化异常:
提示递归应用嵌套,超过Json序列化最大嵌套深度;
System.Text.Json.JsonException: A possible object cycle was detected which is not supported. This can either be due to a cycle or if the object depth is larger than the maximum allowed depth of 32.
at System.Text.Json.ThrowHelper.ThrowInvalidOperationException_SerializerCycleDetected(Int32 maxDepth)
at System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.Write(Utf8JsonWriter writer, Int32 originalWriterDepth, Int32 flushThreshold, JsonSerializerOptions options, WriteStack& state)
at System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.WriteAsyncCore(Stream utf8Json, Object value, Type inputType, JsonSerializerOptions options, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.SystemTextJsonOutputFormatter.WriteResponseBodyAsync(OutputFormatterWriteContext context, Encoding selectedEncoding)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.SystemTextJsonOutputFormatter.WriteResponseBodyAsync(OutputFormatterWriteContext context, Encoding selectedEncoding)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.g__Awaited|29_0[TFilter,TFilterAsync](ResourceInvoker invoker, Task lastTask, State next, Scope scope, Object state, Boolean isCompleted)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.Rethrow(ResultExecutedContextSealed context)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.ResultNext[TFilter,TFilterAsync](State& next, Scope& scope, Object& state, Boolean& isCompleted)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.InvokeResultFilters()
— End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown —
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.g__Awaited|24_0(ResourceInvoker invoker, Task lastTask, State next, Scope scope, Object state, Boolean isCompleted)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.Rethrow(ResourceExecutedContextSealed context)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.Next(State& next, Scope& scope, Object& state, Boolean& isCompleted)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.g__Awaited|19_0(ResourceInvoker invoker, Task lastTask, State next, Scope scope, Object state, Boolean isCompleted)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.g__Awaited|17_0(ResourceInvoker invoker, Task task, IDisposable scope)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.EndpointMiddleware.g__AwaitRequestTask|6_0(Endpoint endpoint, Task requestTask, ILogger logger)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.AuthorizationMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.DeveloperExceptionPageMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)
5、异常分析:
最终CruiseDto中包含 List ,但是每个CruisePointDto中又包含与之对应的 CruiseDto 所以造成了巡航嵌套引用,导致Json序列化失败;
6、解决方案1:
在应用层 GasMonitoringApplicationAutoMapperProfile.cs 文件中添加实体类转换配置
public class GasMonitoringApplicationAutoMapperProfile : Profile
{
public GasMonitoringApplicationAutoMapperProfile()
{
CreateMap<Cruise, CruiseDto>()
.ForMember(x=>x.Cruise_Points,opt=>opt.Ignore());
CreateMap<CruiseDto, Cruise>(MemberList.Source); //以Dto数据为准进行转换
CreateMap<CreateCruiseDto, Cruise>(MemberList.Source); //只检测Dto中属性 Validate
}
}
}
.ForMember(x=>x.Cruise_Points,opt=>opt.Ignore()); 可有效解决循环递归引用问题
但是也会存在问题 在Cruise查询的时候 就无法关联查询出对应的 Cruise_Points 列表了:不过这种查询需求一般不会有
7、解决方案2:
解决方案6中的方法比较麻烦,简单的方是 在 CruisePointDto中取消 CruiseDto 对象,这样从数据库查询 CruisePoint=》CruisePointDto转换就没有问题,也不会存在嵌套引用;
从实际业务情况来讲 通常不会出现独立使用CruisePointDto的情况,CruisePointDto更多是依赖于CruiseDto关联查询出现,所以基本可以满足业务需求;
//CruiseDto.cs:巡检路径
public class CruiseDto : EntityDto<int>
{
/// <summary>
/// 多个巡检点
/// </summary>
public List<CruisePointDto> Cruise_Points { get; set; }
}
//CruisePointDto.cs:巡检点位
public class CruisePointDto : EntityDto<int>
{
/// <summary>
/// 关联的巡检路径
/// </summary>
public virtual int Cruise_Id { get; set; }
//public CruiseDto Cruise { get; set; } 注释掉这层声明**********************************
}
8、解决方案3:
如果希望保留上面的关系,还可以这样做。
//CruiseDto.cs:巡检路径
public class CruiseDto : EntityDto<int>
{
/// <summary>
/// 多个巡检点
/// </summary>
public List<CruisePointDto> Cruise_Points { get; set; }
}
//CruisePointDto.cs:巡检点位
public class CruisePointDto : EntityDto<int>
{
/// <summary>
/// 关联的巡检路径
/// </summary>
public virtual int Cruise_Id { get; set; }
//添加[JsonIgnore] 这样查询 及后台使用不会出现问题
//必须引用:using System.Text.Json.Serialization;
//引用异常:using NewtonsoftJson.Json;无效************************
[JsonIgnore]
public CruiseDto Cruise { get; set; }
}
三、总结
网上还有引入Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.NewtonsoftJson 包,然后Startup中添加 Json序列化忽略递归引用,经测试无效;