DirectInput初体验

          DirectInput由三个对象组成：DirectInput, DirectInputDevice, 和DirectInputEffect 。DirectInput是一个高层的对象，通过DirectInput对象可以对相关的输入设备进行基本的初始化和查找。DirectInput对象最终用来创建低层的DirectInputDevice对象。DirectX中的每个主要组件都采用相同的方法，首先创建高层对象，如DirectInput或DirectSound对象，然后创建低层对象与硬件进行实际的通信。

          一个简单的DirectInput创建步骤如下:

         一,创建DirectInput对象 使用DirectInput8Create函数.

        二,有了DirectInput对象，就可以用它来创建DirectInputDevice对象,使用CreateDevice函数.

        三,设置格式SetDataFormat.

       四,设置协作级别SetCooperativeLeve

      五,获取键盘设备,在本例子中,只是取得键盘设备,没有使用枚举函数来枚举各种输入设备.

     完整的源代码如下:

    //
// File:    DirectInput.cpp
//  Date:    10/30/2006
// Author:  liuyw1982
//
#include <windows.h>
#include <dinput.h>

//
// 全局函数定义
int  PASCAL WinMain(HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE hPrevInst, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow);
long PASCAL WinProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
bool InitApp(HINSTANCE hInst, int nCmdShow);
HRESULT InitDirectInput();
HRESULT ReadKeyboard(HWND hwnd);

// 全局变量定义
BOOL     bActive = FALSE;
LPDIRECTINPUT8   g_lpDInput=NULL;
LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 g_pKeyboard=NULL;
HWND     g_hwnd=NULL;

// Windows Main Function

int PASCAL WinMain(HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE hPrevInst, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
 MSG msg;

 if(!InitApp(hInst, nCmdShow)) return FALSE;

 while(1)
 {
  if(PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_NOREMOVE))
  {
   if(!GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0 ))
    return msg.wParam;
   TranslateMessage(&msg);
   DispatchMessage(&msg);
  }
  else if(bActive)
  {
   ReadKeyboard(g_hwnd);
  }
  else WaitMessage();
 }
}

// WinProc

long PASCAL WinProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
 switch(message)
 {
  case WM_ACTIVATE:
   bActive = TRUE;
   break;
  case WM_SETCURSOR:
   SetCursor(NULL);
   return TRUE;
  case WM_KEYDOWN:
   switch(wParam)
   {
   case VK_ESCAPE:
    PostMessage(hWnd, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0);
    break;
   }
   break;
  case WM_DESTROY:
   PostQuitMessage(0);
   break;
 }
 return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}

// Initialize Appliction

bool InitApp(HINSTANCE hInst, int nCmdShow)
{
 HWND  hWnd;
 WNDCLASS WndClass;

 WndClass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;

 WndClass.lpfnWndProc = WinProc;
 WndClass.cbClsExtra = 0;
 WndClass.cbWndExtra = 0;
 WndClass.hInstance = hInst;
 WndClass.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInst, IDI_APPLICATION);
 WndClass.hCursor = LoadCursor(hInst, IDC_ARROW);
 WndClass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
 WndClass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
 WndClass.lpszClassName = "DInput";
 RegisterClass(&WndClass);

 hWnd = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, "DInput", "DirectInput", WS_EX_APPWINDOW|WS_SYSMENU,
  112, 84, 800, 600, NULL, NULL, hInst, NULL);
 if(!hWnd) return FALSE;
 ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
 UpdateWindow(hWnd);
 g_hwnd=hWnd;
 InitDirectInput();
 return true;
}

 
// Initialize DirectInput

HRESULT InitDirectInput()
{
 HRESULT hr;
 
 hr=DirectInput8Create(GetModuleHandle(NULL),DIRECTINPUT_VERSION,IID_IDirectInput8,(VOID**)&g_lpDInput,NULL);
 if(FAILED(hr))
  return hr;
 hr=g_lpDInput->CreateDevice(GUID_SysKeyboard,&g_pKeyboard,NULL);
 if(FAILED(hr))
  return hr;
 hr=g_pKeyboard->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIKeyboard);
 if(FAILED(hr))
  return hr;
 hr=g_pKeyboard->SetCooperativeLevel(g_hwnd,DISCL_FOREGROUND|DISCL_EXCLUSIVE);
 if(FAILED(hr))
  return hr;
 hr=g_pKeyboard->Acquire();
 if(FAILED(hr))
  return hr;
 return S_OK;
}

// ReadKeyBoardData

HRESULT ReadKeyboard(HWND g_hwnd)
{
 HRESULT hr;
 TCHAR strNewText[256]=TEXT("");
 TCHAR strElement[10];
 BYTE disk[256];
 int  i;

 if(NULL==g_pKeyboard)
  return S_OK;
 ZeroMemory(&disk,sizeof(disk));
 hr=g_pKeyboard->GetDeviceState(sizeof(disk),&disk);
 if(FAILED(hr))
 {
  hr=g_pKeyboard->Acquire();
  while(DIERR_INPUTLOST==hr)
   hr=g_pKeyboard->Acquire();
  return S_OK;
 }
 for(i=0;i<256;i++)
 {
  if(disk[i]&0x80)
  {
   wsprintf( strElement, TEXT("0x%02x "), i );
  }
 }
 return S_OK;
}

调试的时候,可在wsprintf( strElement, TEXT("0x%02x "), i );这句中设置断点续传,即可知道键盘是否响应输入.