Android——发送和接收广播

实验名称：    发送和接收广播                                            

实验目的：

（1）能创建广播接收者，实现广播的注册

（2）能自定义广播，发送和接收广播

实验内容及原理：

1. 创建并注册广播接收者，发送并接收自定义的广播
2. 通过发送和接收广播，设计工程的界面和交互逻辑

实验设备及实验步骤：

实验设备：

Windows+Android Studio

实验步骤：

1.搭建数鸭子的界面布局

       （1）创建程序

       （2）导入界面图片

       （3）创建badge_bg.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:shape="rectangle">
    <gradient
        android:endColor="#fe451d"
        android:startColor="#fe957f"
        android:type="linear" />
    <corners android:radius="180dp" />
</shape>

       （4）定义序号控件的样式badge_style

</style>
<style name="badge_style">
    <item name="android:layout_width">20dp</item>
    <item name="android:layout_height">20dp</item>
    <item name="android:layout_marginLeft">10dp</item>
    <item name="android:paddingLeft">2dp</item>
    <item name="android:paddingRight">2dp</item>
    <item name="android:textColor">@android:color/white</item>
    <item name="android:gravity">center</item>
    <item name="android:background">@drawable/badge_bg</item>
    <item name="android:textStyle">bold</item>
    <item name="android:textSize">12sp</item>
    <item name="android:visibility">gone</item>
</style>

       （5）定义图片控件演示duck_style

<style name="duck_style">
    <item name="android:layout_width">120dp</item>
    <item name="android:layout_height">120dp</item>
    <item name="android:src">@drawable/duck</item>
</style>

       （6）放置界面控件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@drawable/count_ducks_bg">
    <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="40dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="80dp">
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/iv_horn"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
            android:src="@drawable/horn" />
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_left_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/iv_horn"
            android:background="@drawable/content_left_bg"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="有序报数"
            android:textColor="@android:color/white"
            android:visibility="gone"/>
    </RelativeLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:gravity="center_horizontal">
        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="vertical">
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/tv_one"
                style="@style/badge_style"/>
            <ImageView
                android:layout_width="120dp"
                android:layout_height="120dp"
                android:src="@drawable/duck" />
        </LinearLayout>
        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="vertical">
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/tv_two"
                style="@style/badge_style" />
            <ImageView style="@style/duck_style" />
        </LinearLayout>
        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="vertical">
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/tv_three"
                style="@style/badge_style"/>
            <ImageView
                style="@style/duck_style" />
        </LinearLayout>
    </LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

2、实现数鸭子界面功能

       （1）创建3个广播接收者

       （2）动态注册创建3个广播接收者

       （3）实现发送有序广播的功能

       （4）修改创建的3个广播接收者

package cn.itcast.duck;
//省略导包
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private MyBroadcastReceiverOne one;
    private MyBroadcastReceiverTwo two;
    private MyBroadcastReceiverThree three;
    private ImageView iv_horn;
    private TextView tv_left_content, tv_one, tv_two, tv_three;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        registerReceiver();
        init();
    }
    private void init() {
        iv_horn = findViewById(R.id.iv_horn);
        tv_left_content = findViewById(R.id.tv_left_content);
        tv_one = findViewById(R.id.tv_one);
        tv_two = findViewById(R.id.tv_two);
        tv_three = findViewById(R.id.tv_three);
        iv_horn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                tv_left_content.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                iv_horn.setClickable(false);  //设置喇叭图片为不可点击的状态
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setAction("Count_Ducks");      // 定义广播的事件类型
                sendOrderedBroadcast(intent, null);  // 发送有序广播
//                MyBroadcastReceiverThree receiver = new MyBroadcastReceiverThree();
//                sendOrderedBroadcast(intent,null,receiver, null, 0, null, null); // 发送有序广播
            }
        });
    }
    private void registerReceiver() {
        // 动态注册MyBroadcastReceiverTwo广播
        two = new MyBroadcastReceiverTwo();
        IntentFilter filter2 = new IntentFilter();
        filter2.setPriority(1000);
        filter2.addAction("Count_Ducks");
        registerReceiver(two, filter2);
        // 动态注册MyBroadcastReceiverOne广播
        one = new MyBroadcastReceiverOne();
        IntentFilter filter1 = new IntentFilter();
        filter1.setPriority(1000);
        filter1.addAction("Count_Ducks");
        registerReceiver(one, filter1);
        // 动态注册MyBroadcastReceiverThree广播
        three = new MyBroadcastReceiverThree();
        IntentFilter filter3 = new IntentFilter();
        filter3.setPriority(600);
        filter3.addAction("Count_Ducks");
        registerReceiver(three, filter3);
    }

    private int num=0; // 存放序号的变量
    class MyBroadcastReceiverOne extends BroadcastReceiver {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            tv_one.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            num=num+1;
            tv_one.setText(num+"");
            Log.i("BroadcastReceiverOne", "广播接收者One,接收到了广播消息");
            delay();
        }
    }
    class MyBroadcastReceiverTwo extends BroadcastReceiver {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            tv_two.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            num=num+1;
            tv_two.setText(num+"");
            Log.i("BroadcastReceiverTwo", "广播接收者Two,接收到了广播消息");
//            abortBroadcast(); //拦截有序广播
//            Log.i("BroadcastReceiverTwo","我是广播接收者Two，广播消息被我拦截了");
            delay();
        }
    }
    class MyBroadcastReceiverThree extends BroadcastReceiver {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            tv_three.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            num=num+1;
            tv_three.setText(num + "");
            Log.i("BroadcastReceiverThree", "广播接收者Three,接收到了广播消息");
            delay();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 延迟500毫秒
     */
    private void delay(){
        try {
            Thread.sleep(500);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unregisterReceiver(one);
        unregisterReceiver(two);
        unregisterReceiver(three);
    }
}

实验结果与分析：