Android中LayoutInflater的用法

Android中LayoutInflater实例

2010年09月16日 星期四 上午 10:01

LayoutInflater与findViewById的用法有很多可比较之处。

如：他们都可以通过id返回View。

LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater();

View layout = inflater.inflate(R.layout.custom_dialog,null);

Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);

不同之处是：LayoutInflater是用来实例化整个布局文件，而findViewById()是实例化布局文中中的View。

下面是一个实例。 主 布局main.xml里有一个TextView和一个Button，当点击Button，出现Dialog,而这个Dialog的布局方式是我们在 layout目录下定义的custom_dialog.xml文件(里面左右分布，左边 ImageView,右边TextView)。

源代码如下：

main.xml:

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1. <? xml   version = "1.0"   encoding = "utf-8" ?>   
2. < LinearLayout   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"   
3.     android:orientation = "vertical"   
4.     android:layout_width = "fill_parent"   
5.     android:layout_height = "fill_parent" >   
6.         < TextView     
7.             android:layout_width = "fill_parent"    
8.             android:layout_height = "wrap_content"    
9.             android:text = "@string/hello" />   
10.         < Button   
11.             android:id = "@+id/button"   
12.             android:layout_width = "wrap_content"   
13.             android:layout_height = "wrap_content"   
14.             android:text = "ShowCustomDialog" />   
15. </ LinearLayout >   

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"> <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello"/> <Button android:id="@+id/button" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="ShowCustomDialog"/> </LinearLayout>

custom_dialog.xml:

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1. <? xml   version = "1.0"   encoding = "utf-8" ?>   
2. < LinearLayout   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"   
3.     android:orientation = "horizontal"   
4.     android:layout_width = "fill_parent"   
5.     android:layout_height = "fill_parent"   
6.     android:padding = "10dp" >   
7.        < ImageView    
8.             android:id = "@+id/image"   
9.           android:layout_width = "wrap_content"   
10.           android:layout_height = "fill_parent"   
11.           android:layout_marginRight = "10dp" />   
12.        < TextView    
13.             android:id = "@+id/text"   
14.            android:layout_width = "wrap_content"   
15.            android:layout_height = "fill_parent"   
16.            android:textColor = "#FFF" />   
17. </ LinearLayout >   

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:padding="10dp"> <ImageView android:id="@+id/image" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_marginRight="10dp"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/text" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:textColor="#FFF"/> </LinearLayout>

TestLayoutInflater.java:

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1. package com.android.test;  
2. import android.app.Activity;  
3. import android.app.AlertDialog;  
4. import android.content.Context;  
5. import android.os.Bundle;  
6. import android.view.LayoutInflater;  
7. import android.view.View;  
8. import android.view.View.OnClickListener;  
9. import android.widget.Button;  
10. import android.widget.ImageView;  
11. import android.widget.TextView;  
12. public   class  TestLayoutInflater extends Activity implements   
13. OnClickListener {  
14.       
15.     private  Button button;  
16.     public   void  onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
17.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
18.         setContentView(R.layout.main);  
19.           
20.         button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button);  
21.         button.setOnClickListener(this );  
22.     }  
23.     @Override  
24.     public   void  onClick(View v) {  
25.           
26.         showCustomDialog();  
27.     }  
28.       
29.     public   void  showCustomDialog()  
30.     {  
31.         AlertDialog.Builder builder;  
32.         AlertDialog alertDialog;  
33.         Context mContext = TestSlidingDrawer.this ;  
34.           
35.         //Three ways are OK.   
36.         LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater();  //Activity.getLayoutInflater() or Window.getLayoutInflater().   
37. //      LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);    //Obtains the LayoutInflater from the given context.   
38. //      LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) mContext.getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);   
39.           
40.         View layout = inflater.inflate(R.layout.custom_dialog,null );  
41.           
42.         TextView text = (TextView) layout.findViewById(R.id.text);  
43.         text.setText("Hello, This is a LayoutInflater Demo" );  
44.         ImageView image = (ImageView) layout.findViewById(R.id.image);  
45.         image.setImageResource(R.drawable.icon);  
46.           
47.         builder = new  AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);  
48.         builder.setView(layout);  
49.         alertDialog = builder.create();  
50.         alertDialog.show();  
51.           
52.         //Using AlertDialog directly.   
53. //      alertDialog = new AlertDialog(mContext) {   
54. //      };   
55. //      alertDialog.setView(layout);   
56. //      alertDialog.show();   
57.     }  
58. }  

package com.android.test;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.app.AlertDialog;

import android.content.Context;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.ImageView;

import android.widget.TextView;

public class TestLayoutInflater extends Activity implements OnClickListener {

private Button button;

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.main);

button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button); button.setOnClickListener(this);

}

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

showCustomDialog();

}

public void showCustomDialog() {

     AlertDialog.Builder builder;

     AlertDialog alertDialog;

     Context mContext = TestSlidingDrawer.this;

     //Three ways are OK.

     LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater();

     Activity.getLayoutInflater() or Window.getLayoutInflater().

     LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);

     Obtains the LayoutInflater from the given context.

     LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) mContext.getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);

     View layout = inflater.inflate(R.layout.custom_dialog,null);

      TextView text = (TextView) layout.findViewById(R.id.text);

     text.setText("Hello, This is a LayoutInflater Demo");

     ImageView image = (ImageView) layout.findViewById(R.id.image);

     image.setImageResource(R.drawable.icon);

     builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);

     builder.setView(layout); alertDialog = builder.create();

     alertDialog.show();

     Using AlertDialog directly.

     alertDialog = new AlertDialog(mContext) {//};

     alertDialog.setView(layout);

     alertDialog.show();

}

}

几点说明：

1. LayoutInflater的获取有三种方法：Activity.getLayoutInflater(), LayoutInflater.from(Context), getSystemService(String).
2. 也可以不通过AlertDialog的内部类 AlertDialog.Builder来获取AlertDialog对象，AlertDialog也能setView(View).另外，注 意：AlertDialog的构造函数有些特殊，需要加｛｝，如果去掉就报“The constructor AlertDialog(Context) is not visible”的错误。