控制资源访问
前文提到threading库在多线程时,对同一资源的访问容易导致破坏与丢失数据。为了保证安全的访问一个资源对象,我们需要创建锁。
示例如下:
import threading
import time
class AddThread():
def __init__(self, start=0):
self.lock = threading.Lock()
self.value = start
def increment(self):
print("Wait Lock")
self.lock.acquire()
try:
print("Acquire Lock")
self.value += 1
print(self.value)
finally:
self.lock.release()
def worker(a):
time.sleep(1)
a.increment()
addThread = AddThread()
for i in range(3):
t = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=(addThread,))
t.start()
运行之后,效果如下:
acquire()会通过锁进行阻塞其他线程执行中间段,release()释放锁,可以看到,基本都是获得锁之后才执行。避免了多个线程同时改变其资源对象,不会造成混乱。
判断是否有另一个线程请求锁
要确定是否有另一个线程请求锁而不影响当前的线程,可以设置acquire()的参数blocking=False。
示例如下:
import threading
import time
def worker2(lock):
print("worker2 Wait Lock")
while True:
lock.acquire()
try:
print("Holding")
time.sleep(0.5)
finally:
print("not Holding")
lock.release()
time.sleep(0.5)
def worker1(lock):
print("worker1 Wait Lock")
num_acquire = 0
value = 0