Target Sum

You are given a list of non-negative integers, a1, a2, ..., an, and a target, S. Now you have 2 symbols + and -. For each integer, you should choose one from + and - as its new symbol.

Find out how many ways to assign symbols to make sum of integers equal to target S.

Example 1:

Input: nums is [1, 1, 1, 1, 1], S is 3. 
Output: 5
Explanation: 

-1+1+1+1+1 = 3
+1-1+1+1+1 = 3
+1+1-1+1+1 = 3
+1+1+1-1+1 = 3
+1+1+1+1-1 = 3

There are 5 ways to assign symbols to make the sum of nums be target 3.

简单的可以用递归方法来做，令f(i, s)表示前i个整数目标和为s的方式，则f(i, s)=f(i-1, s+nums[i]) + f(i-1,s-nums[i]). 当i=0时，f(0, s)=0;当i=1, nums[0]=0时，f(1,0)=2;当i=1,s=nums[0]!=0时，f(1,s)=1,否则f(1,s)=0.

也可以用动态规划来做，令A为符号为+的集合，B为符号为-的集合，则

sum(A)-sum(B)=S;

sum(A)-sum(B)+sum(A)+sum(B)=S+sum(A)+sum(B)=S+sum(nums);

2sum(A)=S+sum(nums);

sum(A)=1/2*(S+sum(nums));

现在问题转化为nums[]中有多少种集合A的方式使得A中所有数的和为1/2*(S+sum(nums)).

递归的代码为：

class Solution {
public:
    int findTargetSumWays(vector<int> nums, int S) {
        int size=nums.size();
        int temp;
        vector<int>::iterator it=nums.begin();
        if(size==0)
        {
            return 0;
        }
        else if(size==1)
        {
            if(*it==S&&*it==(-S))
            return 2;
            else if(*it==S||*it==(-S))
            return 1;
            else
            return 0;
        }
        else
        {
            temp=nums[size-1];
            nums.erase(it+size-1);
            return findTargetSumWays(nums,S-temp)+findTargetSumWays(nums,S+temp);
        }
    }
};