Linux挂载新增硬盘

查看设备号

fdisk -l

可以看到Disk /dev/vdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
这就是我们要格式化的新硬盘

Disk /dev/vda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00078f9c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *           1       13055   104855552   83  Linux

Disk /dev/vdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 416101 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

分区

fdisk /dev/vdb

输入m查看帮助

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xb7c7b65b.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): 

输入n新建分区，输入p新建主分区，输入1（主分区号）
第一条磁道的起始位置，默认回车，采用硬盘第一个磁道。
最后一条磁道的起始位置，默认回车，采用硬盘最后一个磁道。也就是分区和硬盘相同大小
w 保存分区信息。

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-416101, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-416101, default 416101): 
Using default value 416101

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

查看磁盘状态

fdisk -l

可以看到分区成功/dev/vdb1

Disk /dev/vda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00078f9c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *           1       13055   104855552   83  Linux

Disk /dev/vdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 416101 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xb7c7b65b

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vdb1               1      416101   209714872+  83  Linux

执行格式化

mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb1

输入mkfs.ext4将分区格式化为ext4格式

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
13107200 inodes, 52428718 blocks
2621435 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
1600 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
	4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872

Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 22 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

挂载到目录

添加一行内容到/etc/fstab,将硬盘挂载到/opt

echo "/dev/vdb1 /opt ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

使挂载生效

mount -a

进入新硬盘

cd /opt

显示出一个新的lost+found 说明挂载成功

lost+found