URAL 1206 Sum of Digits of the Sum of Numbers

计数

题意:
定义一函数s(x)表示x的每个位加起来的和。现在给你k,问你能找到几个数对(a,b),使得s(a+b)=s(a)+s(b),其中a和b都要是k位数,(a,b)和(b,a)视为不同的数对,a和b不能有前导零

数据范围:
k<=50

思路:

s(a+b)=s(a)+s(b),稍稍思考一下就发现,这个等式的意思就是a+b,每位都没有进位,因为只要一进位,s(a+b)的值就会变小

所以a的一个位取0,b的这个位就可以取0,1...9,a的一个位取1,b的这个位就可以取0,1...8...

总结起来一个位就可以产生10+9+8+...+1=55种情况,对于第一位,因为a和b不能有前导零,所以是8+...+1=36

所以答案就是36*55^(k-1)

总结:s(a+b)=s(a)+s(b)等价于a和b相加,每位都没有进位,由此推导出答案是36*55^(k-1)


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用代码解决这个问题The program committee of the school programming contests, which are often held at the Ural State University, is a big, joyful, and united team. In fact, they are so united that the time spent together at the university is not enough for them, so they often visit each other at their homes. In addition, they are quite athletic and like walking. Once the guardian of the traditions of the sports programming at the Ural State University decided that the members of the program committee spent too much time walking from home to home. They could have spent that time inventing and preparing new problems instead. To prove that, he wanted to calculate the average distance that the members of the program committee walked when they visited each other. The guardian took a map of Yekaterinburg, marked the houses of all the members of the program committee there, and wrote down their coordinates. However, there were so many coordinates that he wasn't able to solve that problem and asked for your help. The city of Yekaterinburg is a rectangle with the sides parallel to the coordinate axes. All the streets stretch from east to west or from north to south through the whole city, from one end to the other. The house of each member of the program committee is located strictly at the intersection of two orthogonal streets. It is known that all the members of the program committee walk only along the streets, because it is more pleasant to walk on sidewalks than on small courtyard paths. Of course, when walking from one house to another, they always choose the shortest way. All the members of the program committee visit each other equally often. Input The first line contains the number n of members of the program committee (2 ≤ n ≤ 105). The i-th of the following n lines contains space-separated coordinates xi, yi of the house of the i-th member of the program committee (1 ≤ xi, yi ≤ 106). All coordinates are integers. Output Output the average distance, rounded down to an integer, that a member of the program committee walks from his house to the house of his colleague.
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05-26
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