单元测试--mockk

          一个单元测试是一段自动化的代码，这段代码调用被测试的工作单元，然后对这个单元的单个最终结果的某些假设进行检验。单元测试容易编写，能快速运、可靠、易读且可维护，只要生产代码不发生变化，单元测试的结果是稳定的。Mock属于单元测试一种， 也就是模拟单元测试中需要用到的对象和方法，这样能避免创建对象带来的麻烦。它的作用:1.1 解除测试对象对外部服务的依赖 1.2 替换外部服务调用，提升测试用例的运行速度。mockk 是一个用 Kotlin 写的 Mock框架，栗子如下:

app模块下gradle添加:
   testImplementation "io.mockk:mockk:1.10.2"

   class Dependency1(val value1: Int)
   class Dependency2(val value2: String)


//调用类
class SystemUnderTest(
        val dependency1: Dependency1,
        val dependency2: Dependency2
)
{
fun calculate() = 
        dependency1.value1 + dependency2.value2.toInt()
}


在test文件目录下进行测试:


 @Test
    fun calculateAddsValues() {
        val doc1 = mockk<Dependency1>()
        val doc2 = mockk<Dependency2>()
        every {
            doc1.value1
        } returns 5
        every {
            doc2.value2
        } returns "6"
        val sut = SystemUnderTest(doc1,doc2)
        assertEquals(11,sut.calculate())
        
        //验证这两个字段是否被调用过    
        verify {
             doc1.value1
             doc2.value2
         }

    }

mock多个实例

interface AddressBook {
    val contacts:List<Contact>
}

interface Contact {
    val name:String
    val telephone: String
    val address: Address
}

interface Address {
    val city :String
    val zip: String
}


测试:

 @Test
    @DisplayName("AddressBook")
    fun playInterfaces() {
        val addressBook = mockk<AddressBook> {
            every { contacts } returns listOf(
                    mockk{
                        every { name } returns "John"
                        every { telephone } returns "123-456-789"
                        every { address.city } returns "New-York"
                        every { address.zip } returns "123-45"
                    },
                    mockk {
                        every { name } returns "Alex"
                        every { telephone } returns "789-456-123"
                       every { address } returns mockk {
                           every { city } returns "Wroclaw"
                           every { zip } returns "543-21"
                       }
                    }
            )
        }
    }

参考:mockk