Oracle修改实例名及数据库名

注：生产环境中进行如下操作之前，务必备份数据库且确保备份完整可用。

一、测试环境信息

操作系统版本：
SQL> !uname -a
Linux db10g 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:39 EDT 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
数据库版本：
SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bi
PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production
CORE    10.2.0.5.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production
当前实例名：
SQL> select instance from v$thread;
INSTANCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
orcl
当前数据库名：
SQL> select name from v$database;
NAME
---------
ORCL
SQL> show parameter db_name
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_name                              string      orcl

二、修改数据库实例(orcl-->orcl1)
修改实例名为orcl1：
1、干净的关闭数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
2、查看spfileorcl.ora中的内容创建pfile initorcl.ora
oracle@db10g:orcl$cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs 
oracle@db10g:orcl$pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs
oracle@db10g:orcl$mv spfileorcl.ora spfileorcl.ora.bak
oracle@db10g:orcl$strings spfileorcl.ora.bak
oracle@db10g:orcl$ls
alert_orcl.log  hc_orcl.dat  initdw.ora  init.ora  initorcl.ora  lkORCL  orapworcl  snapcf_orcl.f  spfileorcl.ora.bak
oracle@db10g:orcl$cat initorcl.ora 
orcl.__db_cache_size=150994944
orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__shared_pool_size=109051904
orcl.__streams_pool_size=8388608
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.5.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='orcl'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=94371840
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=283115520
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'
3、确认数据库使用pfile文件启动
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  2095704 bytes
Variable Size             125830568 bytes
Database Buffers          150994944 bytes
Redo Buffers                6291456 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show parameter pfile
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                               string
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                               string
4、干净的关闭数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORA