centos7安装docker（一）

参考文档：https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/centos/

1先决条件

1.1centos版本
docker doc中要求稳定的centos版本。支持centos7\8及以上版本。内核3.10及以上。；
启用centos-extras仓库，默认情况下是启动的；
推荐overlay2存储驱动。
1.2 卸载旧版本
旧版本的docker称为docker或docker-engine,新版本称为docker-ce。卸载旧版本及相关依赖。

$ sudo yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-engine

docker的镜像、容器、卷、网络信息都存储在/var/lib/docker/下。

2 安装方法

根据自身需要，可以采用不同的安装方式：
1）推荐方式：设置docker仓库，从仓库中安装使用，该种方式安装及升级简单。
2）下载RPM包，手动安装及升级。这种方式在无网络情况下使用。
3）在测试和开发环境下，可选择使用自动化脚本安装docker.

2.1 设置docker仓库，从仓库中安装
安装依赖，设置稳定的docker仓库

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install yum-utils 
[root@localhost ~]# yum-config-manager \
>     --add-repo \
>     https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

有认为官方源地址比较慢，因此推荐国内源，我用官方源配置还是很快的。

$ sudo yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
 //阿里云
 $ sudo yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
//清华源

可选：开启nightly repository和test channel

[root@localhost ~]# yum-config-manager --enable docker-ce-nightly 
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
=========================== repo: docker-ce-nightly ============================
[docker-ce-nightly]
async = True
bandwidth = 0
base_persistdir = /var/lib/yum/repos/x86_64/7
baseurl = https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/x86_64/nightly
cache = 0
cachedir = /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/docker-ce-nightly
check_config_file_age = True
compare_providers_priority = 80
cost = 1000
deltarpm_metadata_percentage = 100
deltarpm_percentage = 
enabled = 1
enablegroups = True
exclude = 
failovermethod = priority
ftp_disable_epsv = False
gpgcadir = /var/lib/yum/repos/x86_64/7/docker-ce-nightly/gpgcadir
gpgcakey = 
gpgcheck = True
gpgdir = /var/lib/yum/repos/x86_64/7/docker-ce-nightly/gpgdir
gpgkey = https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
hdrdir = /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/docker-ce-nightly/headers
http_caching = all
includepkgs = 
ip_resolve = 
keepalive = True
keepcache = False
mddownloadpolicy = sqlite
mdpolicy = group:small
mediaid = 
metadata_expire = 21600
metadata_expire_filter = read-only:present
metalink = 
minrate = 0
mirrorlist = 
mirrorlist_expire = 86400
name = Docker CE Nightly - x86_64
old_base_cache_dir = 
password = 
persistdir = /var/lib/yum/repos/x86_64/7/docker-ce-nightly
pkgdir = /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/docker-ce-nightly/packages
proxy = False
proxy_dict = 
proxy_password = 
proxy_username = 
repo_gpgcheck = False
retries = 10
skip_if_unavailable = False
ssl_check_cert_permissions = True
sslcacert = 
sslclientcert = 
sslclientkey = 
sslverify = True
throttle = 0
timeout = 30.0
ui_id = docker-ce-nightly/x86_64
ui_repoid_vars = releasever,
   basearch
username = 
[root@localhost ~]# yum-config-manager --enable docker-ce-test
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
============================= repo: docker-ce-test =============================
[docker-ce-test]
async = True
bandwidth = 0
base_persistdir = /var/lib/yum/repos/x86_64/7
baseurl = https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/x86_64/test
cache = 0
cachedir = /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/docker-ce-test
check_config_file_age = True
compare_providers_priority = 80
cost = 1000
deltarpm_metadata_percentage = 100
deltarpm_percentage = 
enabled = 1
enablegroups = True
exclude = 
failovermethod = priority
ftp_disable_epsv = False
gpgcadir = /var/lib/yum/repos/x86_64/7/docker-ce-test/gpgcadir
gpgcakey = 
gpgcheck = True
gpgdir = /var/lib/yum/repos/x86_64/7/docker-ce-test/gpgdir
gpgkey = https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
hdrdir = /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/docker-ce-test/headers
http_caching = all
includepkgs = 
ip_resolve = 
keepalive = True
keepcache = False
mddownloadpolicy = sqlite
mdpolicy = group:small
mediaid = 
metadata_expire = 21600
metadata_expire_filter = read-only:present
metalink = 
minrate = 0
mirrorlist = 
mirrorlist_expire = 86400
name = Docker CE Test - x86_64
old_base_cache_dir = 
password = 
persistdir = /var/lib/yum/repos/x86_64/7/docker-ce-test
pkgdir = /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/docker-ce-test/packages
proxy = False
proxy_dict = 
proxy_password = 
proxy_username = 
repo_gpgcheck = False
retries = 10
skip_if_unavailable = False
ssl_check_cert_permissions = True
sslcacert = 
sslclientcert = 
sslclientkey = 
sslverify = True
throttle = 0
timeout = 30.0
ui_id = docker-ce-test/x86_64
ui_repoid_vars = releasever,
   basearch
username = 

关闭ightly repository和test channel

$ sudo yum-config-manager --disable docker-ce-nightly
$ sudo yum-config-manager --disable docker-ce-test

1.安装最新版本的docker-ce

[root@localhost ~]# yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

关于GPG密钥，确认是“060A 61C5 1B55 8A7F 742B 77AA C52F EB6B 621E 9F35”
直接输入"y"就可以
/
如果启用多个docker仓库，在安装“yum install”或升级“yum update”过程中不指定具体版本，则总是会安装最新版本，这可能不符合稳定性需求
/
此时，docker已经安装了，但是没有启动。创建了docker group，但是没有用户被加入到该组。
2.安装特定版本的docker

//查看系统可用的Docker CE版本，版本号从高到低排序
//由于开启了nightly 和test，因此所有的版本都会显示
//disable nightly和test,只显示stable版本
[root@localhost ~]# yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.9-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.8-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.7-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.6-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.5-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.4-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.3-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.2-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.1-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.12-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.12-3.el7                   @docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.11-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.10-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.0-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.9-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.8-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.7-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.6-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.5-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.4-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.3-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.2-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.1-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.0-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.3.ce-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.2.ce-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.1.ce-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.0.ce-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
//安装指定版本的Docker CE需填写全部版本信息。该软件包名称是软件包名称（docker-ce）加上版本字符串（第二列），从第一个冒号（:）一直到第一个连字符，并用连字符（-）分隔。
[root@localhost ~]# yum install docker-ce-<VERSION_STRING> docker-ce-cli-<VERSION_STRING> containerd.io

3.启动docker

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker 
//或者 service docker start 
[root@localhost ~]# service docker start 
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start docker.service

4.测试docker

[root@localhost ~]# docker run hello-world
//默认下载tag lateset的镜像
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
0e03bdcc26d7: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:49a1c8800c94df04e9658809b006fd8a686cab8028d33cfba2cc049724254202
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

查看docker版本

[root@localhost ~]# docker version 
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           19.03.12
 API version:       1.40
 Go version:        go1.13.10
 Git commit:        48a66213fe
 Built:             Mon Jun 22 15:46:54 2020
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          19.03.12
  API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.13.10
  Git commit:       48a66213fe
  Built:            Mon Jun 22 15:45:28 2020
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.2.13
  GitCommit:        7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.0-rc10
  GitCommit:        dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.18.0
  GitCommit:        fec3683

配置docker 开机启动

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable docker 
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.