银行排号调度系统(一)
一、排号调度系统需求
1,银行内有6个业务窗口,1 - 4号窗口为普通窗口,5号窗口为快速窗口,6号窗口为VIP窗口。
2,有三种对应类型的客户:VIP客户,普通客户,快速客户(办理如交水电费、电话费之类业务的客户)。
3,异步随机生成各种类型的客户,生成各类型用户的概率比例为:
VIP客户 :普通客户 :快速客户 = 1 :6 :3。
4,客户办理业务所需时间有最大值和最小值,在该范围内随机设定每个VIP客户以及普通客户办理业务所需的时间,快速客户办理业务所需时间为最小值 (提示:办理业务的过程可通过线程Sleep的方式模拟)。
5,各类型客户在其对应窗口按顺序依次办理业务。
6,当VIP(6号)窗口和快速业务(5号)窗口没有客户等待办理业务的时候,这两个窗口可以处理普通客户的业务,而一旦有对应的客户等待办理业务 的时候,则优先处理对应客户的业务。
7,随机生成客户时间间隔以及业务办理时间最大值和最小值自定,可以设置。
8,不要求实现GUI,只考虑系统逻辑实现,可通过Log方式展现程序运行结果。
二、面向对象的分析和设计
1,有三种对应类型的客户:VIP客户,普通客户,快速客户 ,异步随机生成各种类型的客户,各类型客户在其对应窗口按顺序依次办理业务 。
由于有三类客户,每类客户的号码编排都是完全独立的,所以,我想到本系统一共要产生三个号码管理器对象,各自管理一类用户的排队号码。这三 个号码管理器对象统一由一个号码机器进行管理,这个号码机器在整个系统中始终只能有一个,所以,它要被设计成单例。
2,各类型客户在其对应窗口按顺序依次办理业务 ,应该是窗口依次叫号。当叫号时,应该是问号码管理器现在到几号客户。
3,各对象关系如图:
三、对象设计
1,NumberManager类
定义一个用于存储上一个客户号码的成员变量和用于存储所有等待服务的客户号码的队列集合。
定义一个产生新号码的方法和获取马上要为之服务的号码的方法,这两个方法被不同的线程操作了相同的数据,所以,要进行同步。
定义NumberManger类代码示例:
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- public class NumberManager {
- private int lastNumber = 0;
- private List queueNumbers = new ArrayList();
- public synchronized Integer generateNewNumber(){
- queueNumbers.add(++lastNumber);
- return lastNumber;
- }
- public synchronized Integer fetchNumber(){
- if(queueNumbers.size()>0){
- return (Integer)queueNumbers.remove(0);
- }else{
- return null;
- }
- }
- }
2,NumberMachine类
定义三个成员变量分别指向三个NumberManager对象,分别表示普通、快速和VIP客户的号码管理器,定义三个对应的方法来返回这三个NumberManager对象。
将NumberMachine类设计成单例。
定义NumberMachine类代码示例:
- public class NumberMachine {
- private NumberMachine(){}
- private static NumberMachine instance = new NumberMachine();
- public static NumberMachine getInstance(){
- return instance;
- }
- private NumberManager commonManager = new NumberManager();
- private NumberManager expressManager = new NumberManager();
- private NumberManager vipManager = new NumberManager();
- public NumberManager getCommonManager() {
- return commonManager;
- }
- public NumberManager getExpressManager() {
- return expressManager;
- }
- public NumberManager getVipManager() {
- return vipManager;
- }
- }
3,CustomerType枚举类
系统中有三种类型的客户,所以用定义一个枚举类,其中定义三个成员分别表示三种类型的客户。
重写toString方法,返回类型的中文名称。这是在后面编码时重构出来的,刚开始不用考虑。
定义CustomerType类代码示例:
- public enum CustomerType {
- COMMON,EXPRESS,VIP;
- public String toString(){
- String name = null;
- switch(this){
- case COMMON:
- name = "普通";
- break;
- case EXPRESS:
- name = "快速";
- break;
- case VIP:
- name = name();
- break;
- }
- return name;
- }
- }
4,ServiceWindow类
定义一个start方法,内部启动一个线程,根据服务窗口的类别分别循环调用三个不同的方法。
定义三个方法分别对三种客户进行服务,为了观察运行效果,应详细打印出其中的细节信息。
定义ServiceWindow类代码示例:
- public class ServiceWindow {
- private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger("cn.itcast.bankqueue");
- private CustomerType type = CustomerType.COMMON;
- private int number = 1;
- public CustomerType getType() {
- return type;
- }
- public void setType(CustomerType type) {
- this.type = type;
- }
- public void setNumber(int number){
- this.number = number;
- }
- public void start(){
- Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().execute(
- new Runnable(){
- public void run(){
- //下面这种写法的运行效率低,最好是把while放在case下面
- while(true){
- switch(type){
- case COMMON:
- commonService();
- break;
- case EXPRESS:
- expressService();
- break;
- case VIP:
- vipService();
- break;
- }
- }
- }
- }
- );
- }
- private void commonService(){
- String windowName = "第" + number + "号" + type + "窗口";
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始获取普通任务!");
- Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getCommonManager().fetchNumber();
- if(serviceNumber != null ){
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始为第" + serviceNumber + "号普通客户服务");
- int maxRandom = Constants.MAX_SERVICE_TIME - Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- int serviceTime = new Random().nextInt(maxRandom)+1 + Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- try {
- Thread.sleep(serviceTime);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- System.out.println(windowName + "完成为第" + serviceNumber + "号普通客户服务,总共耗时" + serviceTime/1000 + "秒");
- }else{
- System.out.println(windowName + "没有取到普通任务,正在空闲一秒");
- try {
- Thread.sleep(1000);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- private void expressService(){
- Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getExpressManager().fetchNumber();
- String windowName = "第" + number + "号" + type + "窗口";
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始获取快速任务!");
- if(serviceNumber !=null){
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始为第" + serviceNumber + "号快速客户服务");
- int serviceTime = Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- try {
- Thread.sleep(serviceTime);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- System.out.println(windowName + "完成为第" + serviceNumber + "号快速客户服务,总共耗时" + serviceTime/1000 + "秒");
- }else{
- System.out.println(windowName + "没有取到快速任务!");
- commonService();
- }
- }
- private void vipService(){
- Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getVipManager().fetchNumber();
- String windowName = "第" + number + "号" + type + "窗口";
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始获取VIP任务!");
- if(serviceNumber !=null){
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始为第" + serviceNumber + "号VIP客户服务");
- int maxRandom = Constants.MAX_SERVICE_TIME - Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- int serviceTime = new Random().nextInt(maxRandom)+1 + Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- try {
- Thread.sleep(serviceTime);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- System.out.println(windowName + "完成为第" + serviceNumber + "号VIP客户服务,总共耗时" + serviceTime/1000 + "秒");
- }else{
- System.out.println(windowName + "没有取到VIP任务!");
- commonService();
- }
- }
- }
5,Constants类
定义三个常量:MAX_SERVICE_TIME、MIN_SERVICE_TIME、COMMON_CUSTOMER_INTERVAL_TIME
- public class Constants {
- public static int MAX_SERVICE_TIME = 10000; //10秒!
- public static int MIN_SERVICE_TIME = 1000; //1秒!
- public static int COMMON_CUSTOMER_INTERVAL_TIME = 1;
- }
银行排号调度系统(二)
ServiceWindow类代码优化:
1,在上次的代码中,三个类型服务窗口的代码重复型太高。复用性太差,上次需要优化的代码如下:
- public class ServiceWindow {
- private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger("cn.itcast.bankqueue");
- private CustomerType type = CustomerType.COMMON;
- private int number = 1;
- public CustomerType getType() {
- return type;
- }
- public void setType(CustomerType type) {
- this.type = type;
- }
- public void setNumber(int number){
- this.number = number;
- }
- public void start(){
- Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().execute(
- new Runnable(){
- public void run(){
- //下面这种写法的运行效率低,最好是把while放在case下面
- while(true){
- switch(type){
- case COMMON:
- new CommonService(number,type).service();
- break;
- case EXPRESS:
- new ExpressService(number,type).service();
- break;
- case VIP:
- new VIPService(number,type).service();
- break;
- }
- }
- }
- }
- );
- }
- private void commonService(){
- String windowName = "第" + number + "号" + type + "窗口";
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始获取普通任务!");
- Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getCommonManager().fetchNumber();
- if(serviceNumber != null ){
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始为第" + serviceNumber + "号普通客户服务");
- int maxRandom = Constants.MAX_SERVICE_TIME - Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- int serviceTime = new Random().nextInt(maxRandom)+1 + Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- try {
- Thread.sleep(serviceTime);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- System.out.println(windowName + "完成为第" + serviceNumber + "号普通客户服务,总共耗时" + serviceTime/1000 + "秒");
- }else{
- System.out.println(windowName + "没有取到普通任务,正在空闲一秒");
- try {
- Thread.sleep(1000);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- private void expressService(){
- Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getExpressManager().fetchNumber();
- String windowName = "第" + number + "号" + type + "窗口";
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始获取快速任务!");
- if(serviceNumber !=null){
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始为第" + serviceNumber + "号快速客户服务");
- int serviceTime = Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- try {
- Thread.sleep(serviceTime);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- System.out.println(windowName + "完成为第" + serviceNumber + "号快速客户服务,总共耗时" + serviceTime/1000 + "秒");
- }else{
- System.out.println(windowName + "没有取到快速任务!");
- commonService();
- }
- }
- private void vipService(){
- Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getVipManager().fetchNumber();
- String windowName = "第" + number + "号" + type + "窗口";
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始获取VIP任务!");
- if(serviceNumber !=null){
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始为第" + serviceNumber + "号VIP客户服务");
- int maxRandom = Constants.MAX_SERVICE_TIME - Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- int serviceTime = new Random().nextInt(maxRandom)+1 + Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- try {
- Thread.sleep(serviceTime);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- System.out.println(windowName + "完成为第" + serviceNumber + "号VIP客户服务,总共耗时" + serviceTime/1000 + "秒");
- }else{
- System.out.println(windowName + "没有取到VIP任务!");
- commonService();
- }
- }
- }
进行代码优化:
大家可以看到,普通,VIP,快速这单个类型的服务是差不多的,但是也有区别,我们把他们的共性挑出来,然后用类进行封装,然后在调用。下面是我自己考虑的优化,但是做到最后,感觉也很麻烦,逻辑比较乱一些,没有上面这个重复代码的逻辑好点。因为是自己苦想出来的,所以还是拿出来,让朋友们来看一下,哪里还可以在改进一下,共同进步。谢谢。
代码类关系:把普通窗口服务的功能封装成了CommonService类,Vip窗口服务功能 VIPService类继承CommonService类,快速窗口服务功能ExpressService类也继承CommonService类。因为当VIP和快速窗口取不到服务时,会帮忙服务普通客户。所以他们才继承了CommonService类。
具体代码如下:
1,ServiceWindow类代码简化如下:
- public class ServiceWindow {
- private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger("cn.itcast.bankqueue");
- private CustomerType type = CustomerType.COMMON;
- private int number = 1;
- public CustomerType getType() {
- return type;
- }
- public void setType(CustomerType type) {
- this.type = type;
- }
- public void setNumber(int number){
- this.number = number;
- }
- public void start(){
- Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().execute(
- new Runnable(){
- public void run(){
- //下面这种写法的运行效率低,最好是把while放在case下面
- while(true){
- switch(type){
- case COMMON:
- new CommonService(number,type).service();
- break;
- case EXPRESS:
- new ExpressService(number,type).service();
- break;
- case VIP:
- new VIPService(number,type).service();
- break;
- }
- }
- }
- }
- );
- }
- }
2,CommonService类代码如下:
- import java.util.Random;
- public class CommonService {
- protected int number;
- protected CustomerType type;
- protected String windowName;
- CommonService(int number,CustomerType type){
- this.number=number;
- this.type=type;
- }
- public void service(){
- windowName = "第" + number + "号" + type + "窗口";
- Integer serviceNumber = getserviceNumber();
- if(serviceNumber != null ){
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始为第" + serviceNumber + "号"+type+"客户服务");
- int serviceTime = serviceTime();
- try {
- Thread.sleep(serviceTime);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- System.out.println(windowName + "完成为第" + serviceNumber + "号"+type+"客户服务,总共耗时" + serviceTime/1000 + "秒");
- }else{
- //Integer commonNumber=
- if(serviceNumber==null)
- noserviceNumber(windowName);
- }
- }
- protected int serviceTime() {
- int maxRandom = Constants.MAX_SERVICE_TIME - Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- int serviceTime = new Random().nextInt(maxRandom)+1+ Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- return serviceTime;
- }
- public Integer getserviceNumber() {
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始获取普通任务!");
- Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getCommonManager().fetchNumber();
- return serviceNumber;
- }
- public void noserviceNumber(String windowName) {
- System.out.println(windowName + "没有取到普通任务,那就空闲一秒");
- try {
- Thread.sleep(1000);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
3,VIPService类代码如下:
- public class VIPService extends CommonService{
- VIPService(int number, CustomerType type) {
- super(number, type);
- }
- public Integer getserviceNumber() {
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始获取VIP任务!");
- Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getVipManager().fetchNumber();
- return serviceNumber;
- }
- public void noserviceNumber(String windowName) {
- System.out.println(windowName + "没有取到VIP任务!");
- new CommonService(number,type).service();
- //super.service();
- }
- }
注解:VIPService类继承CommonService类,那么只要复写特殊的方法,然后在调用父类中继承的service(),就能调用VIP的服务功能。
4,ExpressService类代码如下:
- public class ExpressService extends CommonService {
- ExpressService(int number, CustomerType type) {
- super(number, type);
- }
- protected int serviceTime() {
- return Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- }
- public Integer getserviceNumber() {
- System.out.println(windowName + "开始获取快速任务!");
- Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getExpressManager().fetchNumber();
- return serviceNumber;
- }
- public void noserviceNumber(String windowName) {
- System.out.println(windowName + "没有取到快速任务!");
- new CommonService(number,type).service();
- //super.service();
- }
- }
注解:ExpressService类继承CommonService类,跟VIPService类相识,但是服务的时间不同,所以还需要复写服务的时间函数。
MainClass类:
上篇的博客中没有把MainClass代码献上,现在把它分享给大家,欢迎围观。
- import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- import java.util.logging.Logger;
- public class MainClass {
- private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger("cn.itcast.bankqueue");
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- //产生4个普通窗口
- for(int i=1;i<5;i++){
- ServiceWindow window = new ServiceWindow();
- window.setNumber(i);
- window.start();
- }
- //产生1个快速窗口
- ServiceWindow expressWindow = new ServiceWindow();
- expressWindow.setType(CustomerType.EXPRESS);
- expressWindow.start();
- //产生1个VIP窗口
- ServiceWindow vipWindow = new ServiceWindow();
- vipWindow.setType(CustomerType.VIP);
- vipWindow.start();
- //普通客户拿号
- Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1).scheduleAtFixedRate(
- new Runnable(){
- public void run(){
- Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getCommonManager().generateNewNumber();
- /**
- * 采用logger方式,无法看到直观的运行效果,因为logger.log方法内部并不是直接把内容打印出出来,
- * 而是交给内部的一个线程去处理,所以,打印出来的结果在时间顺序上看起来很混乱。
- */
- //logger.info("第" + serviceNumber + "号普通客户正在等待服务!");
- System.out.println("第" + serviceNumber + "号普通客户正在等待服务!");
- }
- },
- 0,
- Constants.COMMON_CUSTOMER_INTERVAL_TIME,
- TimeUnit.SECONDS);
- //快速客户拿号
- Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1).scheduleAtFixedRate(
- new Runnable(){
- public void run(){
- Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getExpressManager().generateNewNumber();
- System.out.println("第" + serviceNumber + "号快速客户正在等待服务!");
- }
- },
- 0,
- Constants.COMMON_CUSTOMER_INTERVAL_TIME * 2,
- TimeUnit.SECONDS);
- //VIP客户拿号
- Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1).scheduleAtFixedRate(
- new Runnable(){
- public void run(){
- Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getVipManager().generateNewNumber();
- System.out.println("第" + serviceNumber + "号VIP客户正在等待服务!");
- }
- },
- 0,
- Constants.COMMON_CUSTOMER_INTERVAL_TIME * 6,
- TimeUnit.SECONDS);
- }
- }