使用NTP协议获取网络时间代码

协议包：

主要字段的解释如下：

l              LI（Leap Indicator）：长度为2比特，值为“11”时表示告警状态，时钟未被同步。为其他值时NTP本身不做处理。

l              VN（Version Number）：长度为3比特，表示NTP的版本号，目前的最新版本为3。

l              Mode：长度为3比特，表示NTP的工作模式。不同的值所表示的含义分别是：0未定义、1表示主动对等体模式、2表示被动对等体模式、3表示客户模式、4表示服务器模式、5表示广播模式或组播模式、6表示此报文为NTP控制报文、7预留给内部使用。

l              Stratum：系统时钟的层数，取值范围为1～16，它定义了时钟的准确度。层数为1的时钟准确度最高，准确度从1到16依次递减，层数为16的时钟处于未同步状态，不能作为参考时钟。

l              Poll：轮询时间，即两个连续NTP报文之间的时间间隔。

l              Precision：系统时钟的精度。

l              Root Delay：本地到主参考时钟源的往返时间。

l              Root Dispersion：系统时钟相对于主参考时钟的最大误差。

l              Reference Identifier：参考时钟源的标识。

l              Reference Timestamp：系统时钟最后一次被设定或更新的时间。

l              Originate Timestamp：NTP请求报文离开发送端时发送端的本地时间。

l              Receive Timestamp：NTP请求报文到达接收端时接收端的本地时间。

l              Transmit Timestamp：应答报文离开应答者时应答者的本地时间。

l              Authenticator：验证信息。

class NetworkUInt64
{
public:
	operator UINT64()
	{
		return htonll(nData);
	}

	const NetworkUInt64& operator = (UINT64 nValue)
	{
		nData = htonll(nValue);
		return *this;
	}
protected:
	UINT64	nData;
};

const static ULONGLONG n1970_1900_Seconds = 2208988800;

__declspec(align(1)) struct NTPData
{
	unsigned int Mode : 3;
	unsigned int VersionNumber : 3;
	unsigned int LeapIndicator : 2;
	unsigned int Stratum : 8;
	unsigned int Poll : 8;
	unsigned int Precision : 8;
	unsigned int RootDelay : 32;
	unsigned int RootDispersion : 32;
	unsigned int ReferenceIdentifier : 32;
	NetworkUInt64 ReferenceTimestamp;
	NetworkUInt64 OriginateTimestamp;
	NetworkUInt64 ReceiveTimestamp;
	NetworkUInt64 TransmitTimestamp;
};

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
	setlocale(LC_ALL, ".ACP");

	WSADATA wsaData;
	SOCKET SendSocket;
	sockaddr_in RecvAddr;
	int Port = 123;

	//---------------------------------------------
	// Initialize Winsock
	WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);

	//---------------------------------------------
	// Create a socket for sending data
	SendSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);

	//---------------------------------------------
	// Set up the RecvAddr structure with the IP address of
	// the receiver (in this example case "123.456.789.1")
	// and the specified port number.
	RecvAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	RecvAddr.sin_port = htons(Port);
	HOSTENT* pHostent = gethostbyname("time.nist.gov");
	if (pHostent != NULL)
	{
		RecvAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = *(u_long *)pHostent->h_addr_list[0];;
	}

	//---------------------------------------------
	// Send a datagram to the receiver
	printf("Sending a datagram to the receiver...\n");

	// Set version number to 3 and Mode to 3 (client)
	NTPData data = { 0 };
	data.VersionNumber = 3;
	data.Mode = 3;
	int tv_out = 10000;
	setsockopt(SendSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (char*)&tv_out, sizeof(tv_out));

	__time64_t startTime = _time64(NULL);
	sendto(SendSocket, (char*)&data, sizeof(data), 0, (SOCKADDR *)&RecvAddr, sizeof(RecvAddr));

	sockaddr fromAddr = { 0 };
	int nRead = sizeof(fromAddr);
	if (SOCKET_ERROR != recvfrom(SendSocket, (char*)&data, sizeof(data), 0, &fromAddr, &nRead))
	{
		__time64_t curTime = _time64(NULL);
		__time64_t serverReceiveTime = (UINT64(data.ReceiveTimestamp) >> 32) - n1970_1900_Seconds;
		__time64_t serverTransmitTime = (UINT64(data.TransmitTimestamp) >> 32) - n1970_1900_Seconds;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "WSAGetLastError:" << WSAGetLastError() << endl;
	}

	//---------------------------------------------
	// When the application is finished sending, close the socket.
	printf("Finished sending. Closing socket.\n");
	closesocket(SendSocket);

	//---------------------------------------------
	// Clean up and quit.
	printf("Exiting.\n");
	WSACleanup();

	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

字段解释来自 http://blog.163.com/yzc_5001/blog/static/2061963420121283050787/